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The Palomar Fiber Nuller (PFN) is a rotating-baseline nulling interferometer that enables high-accuracy near-infrared (NIR) nulling observations with full azimuth coverage. To achieve NIR null-depth accuracies of several x 10-4, the PFN…
For imaging faint exoplanets and disks, a coronagraph-equipped observatory needs focal plane wavefront correction to recover high contrast. The most efficient correction methods iteratively estimate the stellar electric field and suppress…
Object detection is a core problem in computer vision. With the development of deep ConvNets, the performance of object detectors has been dramatically improved. The deep ConvNets based object detectors mainly focus on regressing the…
Vortex fiber nulling (VFN) is a single-aperture interferometric technique for detecting and characterizing exoplanets separated from their host star by less than a diffracted beam width. VFN uses a vortex mask and single mode fiber to…
Photonic lanterns (PLs) are fiber-based waveguides that are capable of focal-plane wavefront sensing while simultaneously directing light to downstream science instruments. The optimal choice of wavefront reconstruction algorithm has yet to…
Linking a coronagraph instrument to a spectrograph via a single mode optical fiber is a pathway towards detailed characterization of exoplanet atmospheres with current and future ground- and space-based telescopes. However, given the…
Vortex fiber nulling is a method for spectroscopically characterizing exoplanets at small angular separations, $\lesssim\lambda/D$, from their host star. The starlight is suppressed by creating an optical vortex in the system point spread…
At optical wavelengths, an exoplanet's signature is essentially reflected light from the host star - several orders of magnitude fainter. Since it is superimposed on the star spectrum its detection has been a difficult observational…
Electron optics deals with condensed matter platforms for manipulating and guiding electron beams with high efficiency and robustness. Common devices rely on the spatial confinement of the electrons into one-dimensional channels. Recently,…
The energy and photoluminescence (PL) spectra of a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) interacting with a valence-band hole are studied in the high-magnetic-field limit as a function of the filling factor nu and the separation $d$ between…
The new generation of observatories and instruments (VLT/ERIS, JWST, ELT) motivate the development of robust methods to detect and characterise faint and close-in exoplanets. Molecular mapping and cross-correlation for spectroscopy use…
HWO aims to directly image objects orbiting Sun-like stars, using a 6-m telescope capable of high-contrast imaging ($10^{-10}$) and spectroscopy to search for biosignatures in planets located in the habitable zone. Recent laboratory…
Photonic lanterns are waveguide devices enabling high throughput single mode spectroscopy and high angular resolution. We aim to present the first on-sky demonstration of a photonic lantern (PL) operating in visible light, to measure its…
Vortex fiber nulling (VFN) is a method that may enable the detection and characterization of exoplanets at small angular separations (0.5-2 $\lambda/D$) with ground- and space-based telescopes. Since the field of view is within the inner…
Combining the resolving power of long-baseline interferometry with the high-dynamic range capability of nulling still remains the only technique that can directly sense the presence of structures in the innermost regions of extrasolar…
Photonic neural networks offer a promising alternative to traditional electronic systems for machine learning accelerators due to their low latency and energy efficiency. However, the challenge of implementing the backpropagation algorithm…
The Extragalactic Background Light (EBL) at UV, optical and NIR wavelengths consists of the integrated light of all unresolved galaxies along the line of sight plus any contributions by intergalactic matter including hypothetical decaying…
Instrumentation designed to characterize potentially habitable planets may combine adaptive optics and high-resolution spectroscopy techniques to achieve the highest possible sensitivity to spectral signs of life. Detecting the weak signal…
Infrared small target detection is a technique for finding small targets from infrared clutter background. Due to the dearth of high-level semantic information, small infrared target features are weakened in the deep layers of the CNN,…
Expanding on our prior efforts to search for Lorentz invariance violation (LIV) using the linear optical polarimetry of extragalactic objects, we propose a new method that combines linear and circular polarization measurements. While…