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Purpose: Autonomous navigation of catheters and guidewires can enhance endovascular surgery safety and efficacy, reducing procedure times and operator radiation exposure. Integrating tele-operated robotics could widen access to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Harry Robertshaw , Lennart Karstensen , Benjamin Jackson , Alejandro Granados , Thomas C. Booth

Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is typically the optimal treatment for acute ischemic stroke involving large vessel occlusions, but access is limited due to geographic and logistical barriers. Reinforcement learning (RL) shows promise in…

Autonomous mechanical thrombectomy (MT) presents substantial challenges due to highly variable vascular geometries and the requirements for accurate, real-time control. While reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a promising paradigm…

Autonomous navigation for mechanical thrombectomy (MT) remains a critical challenge due to the complexity of vascular anatomy and the need for precise, real-time decision-making. Reinforcement learning (RL)-based approaches have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Harry Robertshaw , Han-Ru Wu , Alejandro Granados , Thomas C Booth

Magnetic micro-robots have demonstrated immense potential in biomedical applications, such as in vivo drug delivery, non-invasive diagnostics, and cell-based therapies, owing to their precise maneuverability and small size. However, current…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Yudong Mao , Dandan Zhang

In percutaneous intervention for treatment of coronary plaques, guidewire navigation is a primary procedure for stent delivery. Steering a flexible guidewire within coronary arteries requires considerable training, and the non-linearity…

Purpose: The treatment of cardiovascular diseases requires complex and challenging navigation of a guidewire and catheter. This often leads to lengthy interventions during which the patient and clinician are exposed to X-ray radiation. Deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-06 Valentina Scarponi , Michel Duprez , Florent Nageotte , Stéphane Cotin

In this paper, we develop a safe decision-making method for self-driving cars in a multi-lane, single-agent setting. The proposed approach utilizes deep reinforcement learning (RL) to achieve a high-level policy for safe tactical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-05-17 Arash Mohammadhasani , Hamed Mehrivash , Alan Lynch , Zhan Shu

Robot-assisted endovascular intervention offers a safe and effective solution for remote catheter manipulation, reducing radiation exposure while enabling precise navigation. Reinforcement learning (RL) has recently emerged as a promising…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Hao Wang , Tianliang Yao , Bo Lu , Zhiqiang Pei , Liu Dong , Lei Ma , Peng Qi

Ultrasound (US) is one of the most common medical imaging modalities since it is radiation-free, low-cost, and real-time. In freehand US examinations, sonographers often navigate a US probe to visualize standard examination planes with rich…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-16 Yuan Bi , Zhongliang Jiang , Yuan Gao , Thomas Wendler , Angelos Karlas , Nassir Navab

The field of robotic Flexible Endoscopes (FEs) has progressed significantly, offering a promising solution to reduce patient discomfort. However, the limited autonomy of most robotic FEs results in non-intuitive and challenging manoeuvres,…

Deep reinforcement learning (RL) has been successfully applied to a variety of game-like environments. However, the application of deep RL to visual navigation with realistic environments is a challenging task. We propose a novel learning…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-11-12 Jonáš Kulhánek , Erik Derner , Tim de Bruin , Robert Babuška

Deep reinforcement learning (RL) has brought many successes for autonomous robot navigation. However, there still exists important limitations that prevent real-world use of RL-based navigation systems. For example, most learning approaches…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-06-28 Zifan Xu , Bo Liu , Xuesu Xiao , Anirudh Nair , Peter Stone

Safe navigation is essential for autonomous systems operating in hazardous environments. Traditional planning methods excel at long-horizon tasks but rely on a predefined graph with fixed distance metrics. In contrast, safe Reinforcement…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Meng Feng , Viraj Parimi , Brian Williams

Reinforcement learning (RL) has been successfully applied to a variety of robotics applications, where it outperforms classical methods. However, the safety aspect of RL and the transfer to the real world remain an open challenge. A…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Murad Dawood , Ahmed Shokry , Maren Bennewitz

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) is a viable solution for automating repetitive surgical subtasks due to its ability to learn complex behaviours in a dynamic environment. This task automation could lead to reduced surgeon's cognitive…

Autonomous navigation is crucial for both medical and industrial endoscopic robots, enabling safe and efficient exploration of narrow tubular environments without continuous human intervention, where avoiding contact with the inner walls…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Sicong Gao , Chen Qian , Laurence Xian , Liao Wu , Maurice Pagnucco , Yang Song

Recently, safe reinforcement learning (RL) with the actor-critic structure for continuous control tasks has received increasing attention. It is still challenging to learn a near-optimal control policy with safety and convergence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Xinglong Zhang , Yaoqian Peng , Biao Luo , Wei Pan , Xin Xu , Haibin Xie

Ultrasound (US) has been widely used in daily clinical practice for screening internal organs and guiding interventions. However, due to the acoustic shadow cast by the subcutaneous rib cage, the US examination for thoracic application is…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Yuan Bi , Cheng Qian , Zhicheng Zhang , Nassir Navab , Zhongliang Jiang

Visual navigation is essential for many applications in robotics, from manipulation, through mobile robotics to automated driving. Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) provides an elegant map-free approach integrating image processing,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-10-22 Jonáš Kulhánek , Erik Derner , Robert Babuška
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