English
Related papers

Related papers: Entropy-Based Adaptive Weighting for Self-Training

200 papers

Data augmentation methods have been shown to be a fundamental technique to improve generalization in tasks such as image, text and audio classification. Recently, automated augmentation methods have led to further improvements on image…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-17 Elizabeth Fons , Paula Dawson , Xiao-jun Zeng , John Keane , Alexandros Iosifidis

In contrast to SGD, adaptive gradient methods like Adam allow robust training of modern deep networks, especially large language models. However, the use of adaptivity not only comes at the cost of extra memory but also raises the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-20 Zhiyuan Li , Srinadh Bhojanapalli , Manzil Zaheer , Sashank J. Reddi , Sanjiv Kumar

Natural Language Processing (NLP) models risk overfitting to specific terms in the training data, thereby reducing their performance, fairness, and generalizability. E.g., neural hate speech detection models are strongly influenced by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-18 Giuseppe Attanasio , Debora Nozza , Dirk Hovy , Elena Baralis

We study the process through which reasoning models trained with reinforcement learning on verifiable rewards (RLVR) can learn to solve new problems. We find that RLVR drives performance in two main ways: (1) by compressing pass@$k$ into…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Vaskar Nath , Elaine Lau , Anisha Gunjal , Manasi Sharma , Nikhil Baharte , Sean Hendryx

Deep learning models suffer from catastrophic forgetting when trained in an incremental learning setting. In this work, we propose a novel approach to address the task incremental learning problem, which involves training a model on new…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-01 Pravendra Singh , Pratik Mazumder , Piyush Rai , Vinay P. Namboodiri

Large reasoning models, such as OpenAI o1 and DeepSeek-R1, tend to become increasingly verbose as their reasoning capabilities improve. These inflated Chain-of-Thought (CoT) trajectories often exceed what the underlying problems require,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Songtao Wei , Yi Li , Zhikai Li , Xu Hu , Yuede Ji , Guanpeng Li , Feng Chen , Carl Yang , Zhichun Guo , Bingzhe Li

Recent methodologies in LLM self-training mostly rely on LLM generating responses and filtering those with correct output answers as training data. This approach often yields a low-quality fine-tuning training set (e.g., incorrect plans or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Dan Zhang , Sining Zhoubian , Ziniu Hu , Yisong Yue , Yuxiao Dong , Jie Tang

Self-improvement training enables the large reasoning models (LRMs) to improve themselves by self-generating reasoning trajectories as training data without external supervision. However, we find that this method often falls short in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Qihuang Zhong , Liang Ding , Juhua Liu , Bo Du , Leszek Rutkowski , Dacheng Tao

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) often suffer from overthinking, generating unnecessarily long reasoning chains even for simple tasks. This leads to substantial computational overhead with limited performance gain, primarily due to redundant…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Ruichu Cai , Haopeng Du , Qingwen Lin , Yutong Chen , Zijian Li , Boyan Xu

Supervised fine-tuning enhances the problem-solving abilities of language models across various mathematical reasoning tasks. To maximize such benefits, existing research focuses on broadening the training set with various data augmentation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Zhihan Zhang , Tao Ge , Zhenwen Liang , Wenhao Yu , Dian Yu , Mengzhao Jia , Dong Yu , Meng Jiang

Self-training has become a popular semi-supervised learning technique for leveraging unlabeled data. However, the over-confidence of pseudo-labels remains a key challenge. In this paper, we propose a novel \emph{graph-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Tom Liu , Anna Wu , Chao Li

While recent self-training approaches have reduced reliance on human-labeled data for aligning LLMs, they still face critical limitations: (i) sensitivity to synthetic data quality, leading to instability and bias amplification in iterative…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Wu Li , Yigeng Zhou , Zesheng Shi , Yequan Wang , Min Zhang , Jing Li

Transformers empirically perform precise probabilistic reasoning in carefully constructed ``Bayesian wind tunnels'' and in large-scale language models, yet the mechanisms by which gradient-based learning creates the required internal…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-19 Naman Agarwal , Siddhartha R. Dalal , Vishal Misra

Large pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs), such as CLIP, demonstrate impressive generalization but remain highly vulnerable to adversarial examples (AEs). Previous work has explored robust text prompts through adversarial training,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Xiaojun Jia , Sensen Gao , Simeng Qin , Ke Ma , Xinfeng Li , Yihao Huang , Wei Dong , Yang Liu , Xiaochun Cao

The newly released OpenAI-o1 and DeepSeek-R1 have demonstrated that test-time scaling can significantly improve model performance, especially in complex tasks such as logical reasoning. Common test-time scaling methods involve generating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Zhendong Tan , Xingjun Zhang , Chaoyi Hu , Yancheng Pan , Shaoxun Wang

Despite the fact that adversarial training has become the de facto method for improving the robustness of deep neural networks, it is well-known that vanilla adversarial training suffers from daunting robust overfitting, resulting in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Tianjin Huang , Shiwei Liu , Tianlong Chen , Meng Fang , Li Shen , Vlaod Menkovski , Lu Yin , Yulong Pei , Mykola Pechenizkiy

Stochasticity in language model fine-tuning, often caused by the small batch sizes typically used in this regime, can destabilize training by introducing large oscillations in generation quality. A popular approach to mitigating this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Adam Block , Cyril Zhang

Mixed precision training (MPT) is becoming a practical technique to improve the speed and energy efficiency of training deep neural networks by leveraging the fast hardware support for IEEE half-precision floating point that is available in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-29 Ruizhe Zhao , Brian Vogel , Tanvir Ahmed

Reasoning models often outperform smaller models but at 3--5$\times$ higher cost and added latency. We present entropy-guided refinement: a lightweight, test-time loop that uses token-level uncertainty to trigger a single, targeted…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Andrew G. A. Correa , Ana C. H de Matos

Large language models are typically post-trained using supervised fine-tuning (SFT) and reinforcement learning (RL), yet effectively unifying efficient knowledge injection with robust generalization remains challenging. In this work, we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Wangjie Gan , Miao Pan , Linbo Xi , Wenqi Zhang , Jintao Chen , Jianwei Yin , Xuhong Zhang