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Although deep neural networks have made tremendous progress in the area of multimedia representation, training neural models requires a large amount of data and time. It is well-known that utilizing trained models as initial weights often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-02-09 Yuki Nagai , Yusuke Uchida , Shigeyuki Sakazawa , Shin'ichi Satoh

Protecting intellectual property (IP) of text such as articles and code is increasingly important, especially as sophisticated attacks become possible, such as paraphrasing by large language models (LLMs) or even unauthorized training of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Gregory Kang Ruey Lau , Xinyuan Niu , Hieu Dao , Jiangwei Chen , Chuan-Sheng Foo , Bryan Kian Hsiang Low

The commercial use of Machine Learning (ML) is spreading; at the same time, ML models are becoming more complex and more expensive to train, which makes Intellectual Property Protection (IPP) of trained models a pressing issue. Unlike other…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-27 Isabell Lederer , Rudolf Mayer , Andreas Rauber

Watermarking deep neural network (DNN) models has attracted a great deal of attention and interest in recent years because of the increasing demand to protect the intellectual property of DNN models. Many practical algorithms have been…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Chaoyue Huang , Hanzhou Wu

Edge intelligent applications like VR/AR and language model based chatbots have become widespread with the rapid expansion of IoT and mobile devices. However, constrained edge devices often cannot serve the increasingly large and complex…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Zongshun Zhang , Ibrahim Matta

Advancements in digital technologies make it easy to modify the content of digital images. Hence, ensuring digital images integrity and authenticity is necessary to protect them against various attacks that manipulate them. We present a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Sudev Kumar Padhi , Archana Tiwari , Sk. Subidh Ali

Watermarking of large language models (LLMs) generation embeds an imperceptible statistical pattern within texts, making it algorithmically detectable. Watermarking is a promising method for addressing potential harm and biases from LLMs,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Lingjie Chen , Ruizhong Qiu , Siyu Yuan , Zhining Liu , Tianxin Wei , Hyunsik Yoo , Zhichen Zeng , Deqing Yang , Hanghang Tong

Well-performed deep neural networks (DNNs) generally require massive labelled data and computational resources for training. Various watermarking techniques are proposed to protect such intellectual properties (IPs), wherein the DNN…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Xiangyu Wen , Yu Li , Wei Jiang , Qiang Xu

With the advancement of intelligent healthcare, medical pre-trained language models (Med-PLMs) have emerged and demonstrated significant effectiveness in downstream medical tasks. While these models are valuable assets, they are vulnerable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Cong Kong , Rui Xu , Weixi Chen , Jiawei Chen , Zhaoxia Yin

Large Language Models (LLMs) can now solve entire exams directly from uploaded PDF assessments, raising urgent concerns about academic integrity and the reliability of grades and credentials. Existing watermarking techniques either operate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Ashish Raj Shekhar , Shiven Agarwal , Priyanuj Bordoloi , Yash Shah , Tejas Anvekar , Vivek Gupta

Numerous mobile apps have leveraged deep learning capabilities. However, on-device models are vulnerable to attacks as they can be easily extracted from their corresponding mobile apps. Existing on-device attacking approaches only generate…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-03-04 Mingyi Zhou , Xiang Gao , Jing Wu , Kui Liu , Hailong Sun , Li Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) have experienced rapid advancements, with applications spanning a wide range of fields, including sentiment classification, review generation, and question answering. Due to their efficiency and versatility,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Yugeng Liu , Tianshuo Cong , Michael Backes , Zheng Li , Yang Zhang

The availability and accessibility of diffusion models (DMs) have significantly increased in recent years, making them a popular tool for analyzing and predicting the spread of information, behaviors, or phenomena through a population.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Yugeng Liu , Zheng Li , Michael Backes , Yun Shen , Yang Zhang

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs), from AlexNet to ResNet to ChatGPT, have made revolutionary progress in recent years, and are widely used in various fields. The high performance of DNNs requires a huge amount of high-quality data, expensive…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Yuchen Sun , Tianpeng Liu , Panhe Hu , Qing Liao , Shaojing Fu , Nenghai Yu , Deke Guo , Yongxiang Liu , Li Liu

Foundation Models (FMs) display exceptional performance in tasks such as natural language processing and are being applied across a growing range of disciplines. Although typically trained on large public datasets, FMs are often fine-tuned…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Marcin Chrapek , Anjo Vahldiek-Oberwagner , Marcin Spoczynski , Scott Constable , Mona Vij , Torsten Hoefler

Recent advances in large-scale text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models have enabled a variety of downstream applications, including style customization, subject-driven personalization, and conditional generation. As T2I models require…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Zilan Wang , Junfeng Guo , Jiacheng Zhu , Yiming Li , Heng Huang , Muhao Chen , Zhengzhong Tu

Deep learning (DL) techniques are on the rise in the software engineering research community. More and more approaches have been developed on top of DL models, also due to the unprecedented amount of software-related data that can be used…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-03-23 Alejandro Mazuera-Rozo , Anamaria Mojica-Hanke , Mario Linares-Vásquez , Gabriele Bavota

The deployment of large language models (LLMs) on third-party devices requires new ways to protect model intellectual property. While Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) offer a promising solution, their performance limits can lead to a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Abhishek Saini , Haolin Jiang , Hang Liu

The rise of generative neural networks has triggered an increased demand for intellectual property (IP) protection in generated content. Deep watermarking techniques, recognized for their flexibility in IP protection, have garnered…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Biqing Qi , Junqi Gao , Yiang Luo , Jianxing Liu , Ligang Wu , Bowen Zhou

Training deep neural networks from scratch could be computationally expensive and requires a lot of training data. Recent work has explored different watermarking techniques to protect the pre-trained deep neural networks from potential…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-26 Xinyun Chen , Wenxiao Wang , Chris Bender , Yiming Ding , Ruoxi Jia , Bo Li , Dawn Song
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