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Large Language Models (LLMs) represent the recent success of deep learning in achieving remarkable human-like predictive performance. It has become a mainstream strategy to leverage fine-tuning to adapt LLMs for various real-world…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Hongpeng Jin , Wenqi Wei , Xuyu Wang , Wenbin Zhang , Yanzhao Wu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have the unique capability to understand and generate human-like text from input queries. When fine-tuned, these models show enhanced performance on domain-specific queries. OpenAI highlights the process of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Scott Barnett , Zac Brannelly , Stefanus Kurniawan , Sheng Wong

Large language models (LLMs), despite their breakthroughs on many challenging benchmark tasks, lean to generate verbose responses and lack the controllability of output complexity, which is usually preferred by human users in practice. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Dang Nguyen , Jiuhai Chen , Tianyi Zhou

Instruction Fine-tuning~(IFT) is a critical phase in building large language models~(LLMs). Previous works mainly focus on the IFT's role in the transfer of behavioral norms and the learning of additional world knowledge. However, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Mengjie Ren , Boxi Cao , Hongyu Lin , Cao Liu , Xianpei Han , Ke Zeng , Guanglu Wan , Xunliang Cai , Le Sun

Instruction-tuned Large Language Models (LLMs) can perform a wide range of tasks given natural language instructions to do so, but they are sensitive to how such instructions are phrased. This issue is especially concerning in healthcare,…

The success of ChatGPT has recently attracted numerous efforts to replicate it, with instruction-tuning strategies being a key factor in achieving remarkable results. Instruction-tuning not only significantly enhances the model's…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Yunjie Ji , Yong Deng , Yan Gong , Yiping Peng , Qiang Niu , Lei Zhang , Baochang Ma , Xiangang Li

In this work, we evaluate 10 open-source instructed LLMs on four representative code comprehension and generation tasks. We have the following main findings. First, for the zero-shot setting, instructed LLMs are very competitive on code…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-03 Zhiqiang Yuan , Junwei Liu , Qiancheng Zi , Mingwei Liu , Xin Peng , Yiling Lou

As instruction-tuned large language models (LLMs) gain global adoption, their ability to follow instructions in multiple languages becomes increasingly crucial. In this work, we investigate how multilinguality during instruction tuning of a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-22 Uri Shaham , Jonathan Herzig , Roee Aharoni , Idan Szpektor , Reut Tsarfaty , Matan Eyal

The rise of large language models (LLMs) has created a significant disparity: industrial research labs with their computational resources, expert teams, and advanced infrastructures, can effectively fine-tune LLMs, while individual…

Instruction tuning aligns the response of large language models (LLMs) with human preferences. Despite such efforts in human--LLM alignment, we find that instruction tuning does not always make LLMs human-like from a cognitive modeling…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Tatsuki Kuribayashi , Yohei Oseki , Timothy Baldwin

Large language models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools in natural language processing (NLP), showing a promising future of artificial generated intelligence (AGI). Despite their notable performance in the general domain, LLMs have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-23 Jingyuan Chen , Tao Wu , Wei Ji , Fei Wu

Visual instruction tuning has become the predominant technology in eliciting the multimodal task-solving capabilities of large vision-language models (LVLMs). Despite the success, as visual instructions require images as the input, it would…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Zikang Liu , Kun Zhou , Wayne Xin Zhao , Dawei Gao , Yaliang Li , Ji-Rong Wen

Building high-quality datasets and labeling query-document relevance are essential yet resource-intensive tasks, requiring detailed guidelines and substantial effort from human annotators. This paper explores the use of small, fine-tuned…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Quentin Fitte-Rey , Matyas Amrouche , Romain Deveaud

Instruction tuning has been widely adopted to ensure large language models (LLMs) follow user instructions effectively. The resulting instruction-following capabilities of LLMs heavily rely on the instruction datasets used for tuning.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Zhangchen Xu , Fengqing Jiang , Luyao Niu , Bill Yuchen Lin , Radha Poovendran

Large Language Models (LLMs) like GPT-4o can help automate text classification tasks at low cost and scale. However, there are major concerns about the validity and reliability of LLM outputs. By contrast, human coding is generally more…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Conrad Borchers , Danielle R. Thomas , Jionghao Lin , Ralph Abboud , Kenneth R. Koedinger

Adapting Large Language Models (LLMs) to specialized domains requires high-quality instruction tuning datasets, which are expensive to create through human annotation. Existing data synthesis methods focus on general-purpose tasks and fail…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Ruiyao Xu , Noelle I. Samia , Han Liu

High-quality, error-free datasets are a key ingredient in building reliable, accurate, and unbiased machine learning (ML) models. However, real world datasets often suffer from errors due to sensor malfunctions, data entry mistakes, or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Tommaso Bendinelli , Artur Dox , Christian Holz

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across a wide range of tasks and domains, with data playing a central role in enabling these advances. Despite this success, the preparation and effective utilization of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Hao Liang , Zhengyang Zhao , Zhaoyang Han , Meiyi Qiang , Xiaochen Ma , Bohan Zeng , Qifeng Cai , Zhiyu Li , Linpeng Tang , Weinan E , Wentao Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) are not amenable to frequent re-training, due to high training costs arising from their massive scale. However, updates are necessary to endow LLMs with new skills and keep them up-to-date with rapidly evolving…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-08 Tongtong Wu , Linhao Luo , Yuan-Fang Li , Shirui Pan , Thuy-Trang Vu , Gholamreza Haffari

Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed the natural language processing landscape and brought to life diverse applications. Pretraining on vast web-scale data has laid the foundation for these models, yet the research community is now…