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The move to high performance applications greatly increases the demand to produce large instantaneous fluid forces for high-speed maneuvering and improved power efficiency for sustained propulsion. Animals achieve remarkable feats of…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2016-09-22 G D Weymouth

Fish typically swim by periodic bending of their bodies. Bending seems to follow a universal rule; it occurs at about one-third from the posterior end of the fish body with a maximum bending angle of about $30^o$. However, the hydrodynamic…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2021-12-22 Haotian Hang , Sina Heydari , John H. Costello , Eva Kanso

Median fins of fish-like swimmers play a crucial role in linear acceleration and maneuvering processes. However, few research focused on untethered robotic fish experiments. Imitating the behaviour of real tuna, we developed a free-swimming…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-29 Hongbin Huang , Zhonglu Lin , Wei Zheng , Jinhu Zhang , Zhibin Liu , Wei Zhou , Yu Zhang

A Cyber-physical underwater vehicle is equipped with bio-inspired flapping fins positioned on the sides of the vehicle's main body. The proposed control surfaces are inspired by fish pectoral fins, generating forces and moments that can…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-04-23 Pedro C. Ormonde , Xiaowei He , Kenneth Breuer

In undulatory swimming of fish, muscles contract sequentially along the body to generate a bending wave that pushes against the water and produces thrust. Here, we use a 3D computational fluid dynamics model coupled to the motion of the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2018-12-07 Tingyu Ming , Bowen Jin , Jialei Song , Haoxiang Luo , Ruxu Du , Yang Ding

We show how phasing between tandem bioinspired fins flapping at high-stroke amplitudes modulates rear fin thrust production and wake characteristics. Load cell thrust measurements show that the rear fin generates 25% more thrust than the…

Many species of fish, as well as biorobotic underwater vehicles, employ body caudal fin propulsion, in which a wave-like body motion culminates in high-amplitude caudal fin oscillations to generate thrust. This study uses high fidelity…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-03-03 Jung Hee Seo , Ji Zhou , Rajat Mittal

The effect of flexibility on the hydrodynamic loads and on the flow structures generated on a rectangular foil when oscillating in pitch has been studied. Hydrodynamic loads were measured with a 6-axes balance, and the flow structures were…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2013-10-15 R. Fernandez-Prats , F. J. Huera-Huarte

It is shown that the system efficiency of a self-propelled flexible body is ill-defined unless one considers the concept of quasi-propulsive efficiency, defined as the ratio of the power needed to tow a body in rigid-straight condition over…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2015-08-06 A. P. Maertens , M. S. Triantafyllou , D. K. P. Yue

It has been a long-standing problem how schooling fish optimize their motion by exploiting the vortices shed by the others. A recent experimental study showed that a pair of fish reduce energy consumption by matching the phases of their…

Biological Physics · Physics 2023-12-05 Susumu Ito , Nariya Uchida

Biological locomotion, observed in the flexible wings of birds and insects, bodies and fins of aquatic mammals and fishes, consists of their ability to morph the wings/fins. The morphing capability holds significance in the abilities of…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-10-19 Pragalbh Dev Singh , Ishan Neogi , Vardhan Niral Shah , Vaibhav Joshi

Ray-finned fish are able to adapt the curvature of their fins through musculature at the base of the fin. In this work we numerically investigate the effects of such leading-edge curvature actuation on the hydrodynamic performance of a…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2021-07-21 David Fernandez-Gutierrez , Wim M. van Rees

Flow-improving devices (FIDs) are used the most effectively for the reduction of noise and vibration induced by a propulsor. These devices may also increase the efficiency of a propulsor and in some cases should be considered and designed…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-03-14 Vladimir Sluchak

The last few decades have led to the rise of research focused on propulsion and control systems for bio-inspired unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs), which provide more maneuverable alternatives to traditional UUVs in underwater missions.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Brian Zhou , Jason Geder , Alisha Sharma , Julian Lee , Marius Pruessner , Ravi Ramamurti , Kamal Viswanath

We establish through numerical simulation conditions for optimal undulatory propulsion for a single fish, and for a pair of hydrodynamically interacting fish, accounting for linear and angular recoil. We first employ systematic 2D…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2017-04-05 Audrey P. Maertens , Amy Gao , Michael S. Triantafyllou

Robotic fish have attracted growing attention in recent years owing to their biomimetic design and potential applications in environmental monitoring and biological surveys. Among robotic fish employing the Body-Caudal Fin (BCF) locomotion…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Yita Wang , Chen Chen , Yicheng Chen , Jinjie Li , Yuichi Motegi , Kenji Ohkuma , Toshihiro Maki , Moju Zhao

It is well known that tuna fish in the ocean can dynamically morph their median fins to achieve optimal hydrodynamic performance, e.g. linear acceleration and maneuverability. In this study, based on the previous studies about the median…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Hongbing Huang , Zhonglu Lin , Wei Zheng , Jinhu Zhang , Wei Zhou , Yu Zhang

Drag-based swimming with rowing appendages, fins, and webbed feet is a widely adapted locomotion form in aquatic animals. To develop effective underwater and swimming vehicles, a wide range of bioinspired drag-based paddles have been…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Jianfeng Lin , Zhao Guo , Alexander Badri-Spröwitz

Fish in schooling formations navigate complex flow-fields replete with mechanical energy in the vortex wakes of their companions. Their schooling behaviour has been associated with evolutionary advantages including collective energy…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-06-08 Siddhartha Verma , Guido Novati , Petros Koumoutsakos

The propulsive dynamics of a flexible undulating foil in a self-propelled swimming configuration near a wall is studied experimentally. Measurements of the swimming speed and the propulsive force are presented, together with image…

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