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Nematic elastomers and glasses are solids that display spontaneous distortion under external stimuli. Recent advances in the synthesis of sheets with controlled heterogeneities have enabled their actuation into non-trivial shapes with…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2016-08-24 Paul Plucinsky , Marius Lemm , Kaushik Bhattacharya

Electro-thermally actuated origami provides a novel method for creating 3-D systems with advanced morphing and functional capabilities. However, it is currently difficult to simulate the multi-physical behavior of such systems because the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-04-14 Yi Zhu , Evgueni T. Filipov

Programmable folding of elastic sheets typically relies on predefined flexible creases or active materials-enabled hinges, which lack intrinsic bistability and limit reprogrammability within a single structure. Here, we present a…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-05-05 Qun Zhang , Weicheng Huang , Amir Hajiyavand , Hyunyoung Kim , Claire Dancer , Karl Dearn , Mingchao Liu

This paper presents the design of a new soft-rigid robotic platform, "GeoGami". We leverage origami surface capabilities to achieve shape contraction and to support locomotion with underactuated forms. A key challenge is that origami…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Archie Webster , Lee Skull , Seyed Amir Tafrishi

Kirigami-inspired metamaterials are attracting increasing interest because of their ability to achieve extremely large strains and shape changes via out-of-plane buckling. While in flat kirigami sheets the ligaments buckle simultaneously as…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2019-05-02 Ahmad Rafsanjani , Lishuai Jin , Bolei Deng , Katia Bertoldi

Thin elastic sheets bend easily and, if they are patterned with cuts, can deform in sophisticated ways. Here we show that carefully tuning the location and arrangement of cuts within thin sheets enables the design of mechanical actuators…

Soft robotics gripper have shown great promise in handling fragile and geometrically complex objects. However, most existing solutions rely on bulky actuators, complex control strategies, or advanced tactile sensing to achieve stable and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Peiyi Wang , Paul A. M. Lefeuvre , Shangwei Zou , Zhenwei Ni , Daniela Rus , Cecilia Laschi

Deployable structures inspired by origami have provided lightweight, compact, and reconfigurable solutions for various robotic and architectural applications. However, creating an integrated structural system that can effectively balance…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Ziyang Zhou , Yogesh Phalak , Vishrut Deshpande , Ethan O'Brien , Ian Walker , Suyi Li

This work introduces the Monolithic Unit (MU), an actuator-lattice-sensor building block for soft robotics. The MU integrates pneumatic actuation, a compliant lattice envelope, and candidate sites for optical waveguide sensing into a single…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Trevor Exley , Anderson Brazil Nardin , Petr Trunin , Diana Cafiso , Lucia Beccai

Macroscale robotic systems have demonstrated great capabilities of high speed, precise, and agile functions. However, the ability of soft robots to perform complex tasks, especially in centimeter and millimeter scale, remains limited due to…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2019-12-13 Zoey S. Davidson , Hamed Shahsavan , Amirreza Aghakhani , Yubing Guo , Lindsey Hines , Yu Xia , Shu Yang , Metin Sitti

3D-printed bellow soft pneumatic arms are widely adopted for their flexible design, ease of fabrication, and large deformation capabilities. However, their low stiffness limits their real-world applications. Although several methods exist…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Yao Yao , Maximilian Westermann , Marco Pontin , Alessandro Albini , Perla Maiolino

Magnetic-responsive composites that consist of soft matrix embedded with hard-magnetic particles have recently been demonstrated as robust soft active materials for fast-transforming actuation. However, the deformation of the functional…

Applied Physics · Physics 2019-09-12 Shuai Wu , Qiji Ze , Rundong Zhang , Nan Hu , Yang Cheng , Fengyuan Yang , Ruike Zhao

Wireless millimeter-scale origami robots that can locomote in narrow spaces and morph their shapes have recently been explored with great potential for biomedical applications. Existing millimeter-scale origami devices usually require…

Shape-morphing finds widespread utility, from the deployment of small stents and large solar sails to actuation and propulsion in soft robotics. Origami structures provide a template for shape-morphing, but rules for designing and folding…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-10-25 Xiangxin Dang , Fan Feng , Paul Plucinsky , Richard D. James , Huiling Duan , Jianxiang Wang

Morphing surfaces provide a versatile tool to advance the functionalities of high-performance aircraft, soft robots, biomedical devices, and human-machine interfaces. However, achieving precise shape transformation and mechanical property…

Mechanical metamaterials actuators achieve pre-determined input--output operations exploiting architectural features encoded within a single 3D printed element, thus removing the need of assembling different structural components. Despite…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2020-09-09 Silvia Bonfanti , Roberto Guerra , Francesc Font Clos , Daniel Rayneau-Kirkhope , Stefano Zapperi

In nature, materials such as ferroelastics and multiferroics can switch their microstructure in response to external stimuli, and this reconfiguration causes a simultaneous modulation of its material properties. Rapid prototyping…

Applied Physics · Physics 2018-11-28 Yi Yang , Marcelo A. Dias , Douglas P. Holmes

We introduce a new class of thin flexible structures that morph from a flat shape into prescribed 3D shapes without an external stimulus such as mechanical loads or heat. To achieve control over the target shape, two different concepts are…

Applied Physics · Physics 2023-01-20 Jan Zavodnik , Yunbo Wang , Wenzhong Yan , Miha Brojan , M. Khalid Jawed

Harnessing the rich nonlinear dynamics of highly-deformable materials has the potential to unlock the next generation of functional smart materials and devices. However, unlocking such potential requires effective strategies to spatially…

Soft actuators have shown great advantages in compliance and morphology matched for manipulation of delicate objects and inspection in a confined space. There is an unmet need for a soft actuator that can provide torsional motion to e.g.…