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Automated driving in urban settings is challenging. Human participant behavior is difficult to model, and conventional, rule-based Automated Driving Systems (ADSs) tend to fail when they face unmodeled dynamics. On the other hand, the more…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-05-20 Ekim Yurtsever , Linda Capito , Keith Redmill , Umit Ozguner

Autonomous Mobility-on-Demand (AMoD) systems are an evolving mode of transportation in which a centrally coordinated fleet of self-driving vehicles dynamically serves travel requests. The control of these systems is typically formulated as…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-28 Carolin Schmidt , Daniele Gammelli , Francisco Camara Pereira , Filipe Rodrigues

World models have gained significant attention as a promising approach for autonomous driving. By emulating human-like perception and decision-making processes, these models can predict and adapt to dynamic environments. Existing methods…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Huiqian Li , Wei Pan , Haodong Zhang , Jin Huang , Zhihua Zhong

During the use of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS), drivers can intervene in the active function and take back control due to various reasons. However, the specific reasons for driver-initiated takeovers in naturalistic driving are…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Robin Schwager , Michael Grimm , Xin Liu , Lukas Ewecker , Tim Bruehl , Tin Stribor Sohn , Soeren Hohmann

Self-driving vehicles are a maturing technology with the potential to reshape mobility by enhancing the safety, accessibility, efficiency, and convenience of automotive transportation. Safety-critical tasks that must be executed by a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2016-04-27 Brian Paden , Michal Cap , Sze Zheng Yong , Dmitry Yershov , Emilio Frazzoli

Existing end-to-end autonomous driving (AD) algorithms typically follow the Imitation Learning (IL) paradigm, which faces challenges such as causal confusion and an open-loop gap. In this work, we propose RAD, a 3DGS-based closed-loop…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Hao Gao , Shaoyu Chen , Bo Jiang , Bencheng Liao , Yiang Shi , Xiaoyang Guo , Yuechuan Pu , Haoran Yin , Xiangyu Li , Xinbang Zhang , Ying Zhang , Wenyu Liu , Qian Zhang , Xinggang Wang

The Operational Design Domain (ODD) of urbanoriented Level 4 (L4) autonomous driving, especially for autonomous robotaxis, confronts formidable challenges in complex urban mixed traffic environments. These challenges stem mainly from the…

Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC) was designed to provide reliable wireless communication for intelligent transportation system applications. Sharing information among cars and between cars and the infrastructure, pedestrians, or…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2017-02-08 Xianan Huang , Ding Zhao , Huei Peng

Automated driving systems (ADSs) promise a safe, comfortable and efficient driving experience. However, fatalities involving vehicles equipped with ADSs are on the rise. The full potential of ADSs cannot be realized unless the robustness of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-04-06 Ekim Yurtsever , Jacob Lambert , Alexander Carballo , Kazuya Takeda

Autonomous robots should operate in real-world dynamic environments and collaborate with humans in tight spaces. A key component for allowing robots to leave structured lab and manufacturing settings is their ability to evaluate online and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-08-01 Puze Liu , Kuo Zhang , Davide Tateo , Snehal Jauhri , Jan Peters , Georgia Chalvatzaki

Teleoperation is considered as a viable option to control fully automated vehicles (AVs) of Level 4 and 5 in special conditions. However, by bringing the remote drivers in the loop, their driving experience should be realistic to secure…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Georgios Papaioannou , Lin Zhao , Mikael Nybacka , Jenny Jerrelind , Riender Happee , Lars Drugge

Out of distribution (OOD) robustness in autonomous driving is often reduced to a single number, hiding what breaks a policy. We decompose environments along five axes: scene (rural/urban), season, weather, time (day/night), and agent mix;…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Amir Mallak , Alaa Maalouf

Our goal is to perform out-of-distribution (OOD) detection, i.e., to detect when a robot is operating in environments drawn from a different distribution than the ones used to train the robot. We leverage Probably Approximately Correct…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-11-08 Alec Farid , Sushant Veer , Divyanshu Pachisia , Anirudha Majumdar

Autonomous driving services rely heavily on sensors such as cameras, LiDAR, radar, and communication modules. A common practice of processing the sensed data is using a high-performance computing unit placed inside the vehicle, which…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Dewant Katare , Diego Perino , Jari Nurmi , Martijn Warnier , Marijn Janssen , Aaron Yi Ding

Using continuous development, deployment, and monitoring (CDDM) to understand and improve applications in a customer's context is widely used for non-safety applications such as smartphone apps or web applications to enable rapid and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Ali Nouri , Christian Berger , Fredrik Torner

Autonomous driving systems (ADSs) promise improved transportation efficiency and safety, yet ensuring their reliability in complex real-world environments remains a critical challenge. Effective testing is essential to validate ADS…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Yihan Liao , Jingyu Zhang , Jacky Keung , Yan Xiao , Yurou Dai

Practical deployments of coordinated fleets of mobile robots in different environments have revealed the benefits of maintaining small distances between robots, especially as they move at higher speeds. However, this is counter-intuitive in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-01-20 Namya Bagree , Charles Noren , Damanpreet Singh , Matthew Travers , Bhaskar Vundurthy

Specifying an Operational Design Domain (ODD) is crucial for safeguarding automated vehicle systems against conditions that exceed their capabilities. Yet, prior definitions of ODD have relied on ambiguous and unclear terms, resulting in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Ali Shakeri

Academic research in the field of autonomous vehicles has reached high popularity in recent years related to several topics as sensor technologies, V2X communications, safety, security, decision making, control, and even legal and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-31 Szilárd Aradi

Autonomous driving has shown great potential to reform modern transportation. Yet its reliability and safety have drawn a lot of attention and concerns. Compared with traditional software systems, autonomous driving systems (ADSs) often use…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-09-26 Guannan Lou , Yao Deng , Xi Zheng , Mengshi Zhang , Tianyi Zhang