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Related papers: Empirical Analysis of Sim-and-Real Cotraining of D…

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Large real-world robot datasets hold great potential to train generalist robot models, but scaling real-world human data collection is time-consuming and resource-intensive. Simulation has great potential in supplementing large-scale data,…

Co-training, which combines limited in-domain real-world data with abundant surrogate data such as simulation or cross-embodiment robot data, is widely used for training generative robot policies. Despite its empirical success, the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Yu Lei , Minghuan Liu , Abhiram Maddukuri , Zhenyu Jiang , Yuke Zhu

Behavior cloning has shown promise for robot manipulation, but real-world demonstrations are costly to acquire at scale. While simulated data offers a scalable alternative, particularly with advances in automated demonstration generation,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Shuo Cheng , Liqian Ma , Zhenyang Chen , Ajay Mandlekar , Caelan Garrett , Danfei Xu

This paper investigates how the performance of visual navigation policies trained in simulation compares to policies trained with real-world data. Performance degradation of simulator-trained policies is often significant when they are…

Synthetic simulation data and real-world human data provide scalable alternatives to circumvent the prohibitive costs of robot data collection. However, these sources suffer from the sim-to-real visual gap and the human-to-robot embodiment…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Kaipeng Fang , Weiqing Liang , Yuyang Li , Ji Zhang , Pengpeng Zeng , Lianli Gao , Jingkuan Song , Heng Tao Shen

Simulation offers a scalable and low-cost way to enrich vision-language-action (VLA) training, reducing reliance on expensive real-robot demonstrations. However, most sim-real co-training methods rely on supervised fine-tuning (SFT), which…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Liangzhi Shi , Shuaihang Chen , Feng Gao , Yinuo Chen , Kang Chen , Tonghe Zhang , Hongzhi Zang , Weinan Zhang , Chao Yu , Yu Wang

We introduce real-is-sim, a new approach to integrating simulation into behavior cloning pipelines. In contrast to real-only methods, which lack the ability to safely test policies before deployment, and sim-to-real methods, which require…

Large behavior models have shown strong dexterous manipulation capabilities by extending imitation learning to large-scale training on multi-task robot data, yet their generalization remains limited by the insufficient robot data coverage.…

Sim-and-real training is a promising alternative to sim-to-real training for robot manipulations. However, the current sim-and-real training is neither efficient, i.e., slow convergence to the optimal policy, nor effective, i.e., sizeable…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Wenxing Liu , Hanlin Niu , Wei Pan , Guido Herrmann , Joaquin Carrasco

Vision and learning have made significant progress that could improve robotics policies for complex tasks and environments. Learning deep neural networks for image understanding, however, requires large amounts of domain-specific visual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-31 Alexander Pashevich , Robin Strudel , Igor Kalevatykh , Ivan Laptev , Cordelia Schmid

Simulation offers a scalable and efficient alternative to real-world data collection for learning visuomotor robotic policies. However, the simulation-to-reality, or Sim2Real distribution shift -- introduced by employing simulation-trained…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Yash Yardi , Samuel Biruduganti , Lars Ankile

The main challenge in learning image-conditioned robotic policies is acquiring a visual representation conducive to low-level control. Due to the high dimensionality of the image space, learning a good visual representation requires a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Albert Yu , Adeline Foote , Raymond Mooney , Roberto Martín-Martín

Sim-to-real transfer is a powerful paradigm for robotic reinforcement learning. The ability to train policies in simulation enables safe exploration and large-scale data collection quickly at low cost. However, prior works in sim-to-real…

Sim-to-real transfer remains a fundamental challenge in robot manipulation due to the entanglement of perception and control in end-to-end learning. We present a decoupled framework that learns each component where it is most reliable:…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Jialei Huang , Zhaoheng Yin , Yingdong Hu , Shuo Wang , Xingyu Lin , Yang Gao

Deep reinforcement learning has recently seen huge success across multiple areas in the robotics domain. Owing to the limitations of gathering real-world data, i.e., sample inefficiency and the cost of collecting it, simulation environments…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-09 Wenshuai Zhao , Jorge Peña Queralta , Tomi Westerlund

A significant challenge for robot learning research is our ability to accurately measure and compare the performance of robot policies. Benchmarking in robotics is historically challenging due to the stochasticity, reproducibility, and…

Automation holds the potential to assist surgeons in robotic interventions, shifting their mental work load from visuomotor control to high level decision making. Reinforcement learning has shown promising results in learning complex…

In order to mitigate the sample complexity of real-world reinforcement learning, common practice is to first train a policy in a simulator where samples are cheap, and then deploy this policy in the real world, with the hope that it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Andrew Wagenmaker , Kevin Huang , Liyiming Ke , Byron Boots , Kevin Jamieson , Abhishek Gupta

Learning visuomotor policies in simulation is much safer and cheaper than in the real world. However, due to discrepancies between the simulated and real data, simulator-trained policies often fail when transferred to real robots. One…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-07-31 Ricardo Garcia , Robin Strudel , Shizhe Chen , Etienne Arlaud , Ivan Laptev , Cordelia Schmid

Current vision-based robotics simulation benchmarks have significantly advanced robotic manipulation research. However, robotics is fundamentally a real-world problem, and evaluation for real-world applications has lagged behind in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Xuning Yang , Clemens Eppner , Jonathan Tremblay , Dieter Fox , Stan Birchfield , Fabio Ramos
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