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Simulation-based reinforcement learning (RL) has significantly advanced humanoid locomotion tasks, yet direct real-world RL from scratch or adapting from pretrained policies remains rare, limiting the full potential of humanoid robots.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Kaizhe Hu , Haochen Shi , Yao He , Weizhuo Wang , C. Karen Liu , Shuran Song

This paper presents a control framework that combines model-based optimal control and reinforcement learning (RL) to achieve versatile and robust legged locomotion. Our approach enhances the RL training process by incorporating on-demand…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Dongho Kang , Jin Cheng , Miguel Zamora , Fatemeh Zargarbashi , Stelian Coros

Traversing risky terrains with sparse footholds poses a significant challenge for humanoid robots, requiring precise foot placements and stable locomotion. Existing learning-based approaches often struggle on such complex terrains due to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Huayi Wang , Zirui Wang , Junli Ren , Qingwei Ben , Tao Huang , Weinan Zhang , Jiangmiao Pang

Accurate estimation of the environment structure simultaneously with the robot pose is a key capability of autonomous robotic vehicles. Classical simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) algorithms rely on the static world assumption to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-05-11 Mina Henein , Gerard Kennedy , Viorela Ila , Robert Mahony

Learning generalizable robot manipulation policies, especially for complex multi-fingered humanoids, remains a significant challenge. Existing approaches primarily rely on extensive data collection and imitation learning, which are…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Toru Lin , Kartik Sachdev , Linxi Fan , Jitendra Malik , Yuke Zhu

Reinforcement learning (RL) excels in applications such as video games, but ensuring safety as well as the ability to achieve the specified goals remains challenging when using RL for real-world problems, such as human-aligned tasks where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Liqun Zhao , Keyan Miao , Konstantinos Gatsis , Antonis Papachristodoulou

Reward engineering has long been a challenge in Reinforcement Learning (RL) research, as it often requires extensive human effort and iterative processes of trial-and-error to design effective reward functions. In this paper, we propose…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Yufei Wang , Zhanyi Sun , Jesse Zhang , Zhou Xian , Erdem Biyik , David Held , Zackory Erickson

We propose a method of learning a policy for human-like locomotion via deep reinforcement learning based on a human anatomical model, muscle actuation, and biologically inspired rewards, without any inherent control rules or reference…

Graphics · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Minkwan Kim , Yoonsang Lee

Monocular SLAM refers to using a single camera to estimate robot ego motion while building a map of the environment. While Monocular SLAM is a well studied problem, automating Monocular SLAM by integrating it with trajectory planning…

Monocular SLAM refers to using a single camera to estimate robot ego motion while building a map of the environment. While Monocular SLAM is a well studied problem, automating Monocular SLAM by integrating it with trajectory planning…

Reinforcement learning (RL)-based motion imitation methods trained on demonstration data can effectively learn natural and expressive motions with minimal reward engineering but often struggle to generalize to novel environments. We address…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Zewei Zhang , Chenhao Li , Takahiro Miki , Marco Hutter

A necessary capability for humanoid robots is the ability to stand and walk while rejecting natural disturbances. Recent progress has been made using sim-to-real reinforcement learning (RL) to train such locomotion controllers, with…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-02 Bart van Marum , Aayam Shrestha , Helei Duan , Pranay Dugar , Jeremy Dao , Alan Fern

Reinforcement learning (RL) often struggles with reward misalignment, where agents optimize given rewards but fail to exhibit the desired behaviors. This arises when the reward function incentivizes proxy behaviors misaligned with the true…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Mohammad Saif Nazir , Chayan Banerjee

Bus holding control is a widely-adopted strategy for maintaining stability and improving the operational efficiency of bus systems. Traditional model-based methods often face challenges with the low accuracy of bus state prediction and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Jiajie Yu , Yuhong Wang , Wei Ma

Recent advancements in reinforcement learning (RL) have led to significant progress in humanoid robot locomotion, simplifying the design and training of motion policies in simulation. However, the numerous implementation details make…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Yushi Wang , Penghui Chen , Xinyu Han , Feng Wu , Mingguo Zhao

In recent years, reinforcement learning and imitation learning have shown great potential for controlling humanoid robots' motion. However, these methods typically create simulation environments and rewards for specific tasks, resulting in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Jingkai Sun , Qiang Zhang , Yiqun Duan , Xiaoyang Jiang , Chong Cheng , Renjing Xu

As Large Language Models (LLMs) continue to progress toward more advanced forms of intelligence, Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) is increasingly seen as a key pathway toward achieving Artificial General Intelligence (AGI).…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Yuzi Yan , Xingzhou Lou , Jialian Li , Yiping Zhang , Jian Xie , Chao Yu , Yu Wang , Dong Yan , Yuan Shen

Designing control policies for legged locomotion is complex due to the under-actuated and non-continuous robot dynamics. Model-free reinforcement learning provides promising tools to tackle this challenge. However, a major bottleneck of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-03-08 Tsung-Yen Yang , Tingnan Zhang , Linda Luu , Sehoon Ha , Jie Tan , Wenhao Yu

Loco-manipulation, physical interaction of various objects that is concurrently coordinated with locomotion, remains a major challenge for legged robots due to the need for both precise end-effector control and robustness to unmodeled…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Jin Cheng , Dongho Kang , Gabriele Fadini , Guanya Shi , Stelian Coros

Defining reward functions for skill learning has been a long-standing challenge in robotics. Recently, vision-language models (VLMs) have shown promise in defining reward signals for teaching robots manipulation skills. However, existing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Kaifeng Zhang , Zhao-Heng Yin , Weirui Ye , Yang Gao