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Class-Incremental Learning (CIL) [40] trains classifiers under a strict memory budget: in each incremental phase, learning is done for new data, most of which is abandoned to free space for the next phase. The preserved data are exemplars…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Yaoyao Liu , Bernt Schiele , Qianru Sun

In-context learning (ICL) is a new paradigm for natural language processing that utilizes Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT)-like models. This approach uses prompts that include in-context demonstrations to generate the corresponding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Momin Abbas , Yi Zhou , Parikshit Ram , Nathalie Baracaldo , Horst Samulowitz , Theodoros Salonidis , Tianyi Chen

Incremental Learning (IL) is useful when artificial systems need to deal with streams of data and do not have access to all data at all times. The most challenging setting requires a constant complexity of the deep model and an incremental…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-01 Eden Belouadah , Adrian Popescu , Ioannis Kanellos

Learning to imitate expert behavior from demonstrations can be challenging, especially in environments with high-dimensional, continuous observations and unknown dynamics. Supervised learning methods based on behavioral cloning (BC) suffer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-27 Siddharth Reddy , Anca D. Dragan , Sergey Levine

Exemplar-based class-incremental learning is to recognize new classes while not forgetting old ones, whose samples can only be saved in limited memory. The ratio fluctuation of new samples to old exemplars, which is caused by the variation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Zhiheng Liu , Kai Zhu , Yang Cao

The prediction accuracy of machine learning methods is steadily increasing, but the calibration of their uncertainty predictions poses a significant challenge. Numerous works focus on obtaining well-calibrated predictive models, but less is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-12-07 Donghwan Lee , Xinmeng Huang , Hamed Hassani , Edgar Dobriban

Long-tail class incremental learning (LT CIL) remains highly challenging because the scarcity of samples in tail classes not only hampers their learning but also exacerbates catastrophic forgetting under continuously evolving and imbalanced…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Xi Wang , Xu Yang , Donghao Sun , Cheng Deng

Class-Incremental learning (CIL) refers to the ability of artificial agents to integrate new classes as they appear in a stream. It is particularly interesting in evolving environments where agents have limited access to memory and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Eden Belouadah , Arnaud Dapogny , Kevin Bailly

In class-incremental learning (class-IL), models must classify all previously seen classes at test time without task-IDs, leading to task confusion. Despite being a key challenge, task confusion lacks a theoretical understanding. We present…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Milad Khademi Nori , Il-Min Kim

Exemplar-Free Class Incremental Learning (EFCIL) tackles the problem of training a model on a sequence of tasks without access to past data. Existing state-of-the-art methods represent classes as Gaussian distributions in the feature…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Grzegorz Rypeść , Sebastian Cygert , Tomasz Trzciński , Bartłomiej Twardowski

Sound Source Localization (SSL) enabling technology for applications such as surveillance and robotics. While traditional Signal Processing (SP)-based SSL methods provide analytic solutions under specific signal and noise assumptions,…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Xinyuan Qian , Xianghu Yue , Jiadong Wang , Huiping Zhuang , Haizhou Li

Exemplar-free Class Incremental Learning (EFCIL) aims to learn from a sequence of tasks without having access to previous task data. In this paper, we consider the challenging Cold Start scenario in which insufficient data is available in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Simone Magistri , Tomaso Trinci , Albin Soutif-Cormerais , Joost van de Weijer , Andrew D. Bagdanov

Class Incremental Learning (CIL) aims to sequentially acquire knowledge of new classes without forgetting previously learned ones. Despite recent progress, current CIL methods still exhibit significant performance gaps compared to their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Zihuan Qiu , Yi Xu , Fanman Meng , Runtong Zhang , Linfeng Xu , Qingbo Wu , Hongliang Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated an impressive capability known as In-context Learning (ICL), which enables them to acquire knowledge from textual demonstrations without the need for parameter updates. However, many studies…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Yi Su , Yunpeng Tai , Yixin Ji , Juntao Li , Bowen Yan , Min Zhang

Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative model training among participants while guaranteeing the privacy of raw data. Mainstream FL methodologies overlook the dynamic nature of real-world data, particularly its tendency to grow in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Zhiyuan Wu , Tianliu He , Sheng Sun , Yuwei Wang , Min Liu , Bo Gao , Xuefeng Jiang

The continual learning setting aims to learn new tasks over time without forgetting the previous ones. The literature reports several significant efforts to tackle this problem with limited or no access to previous task data. Among such…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-07 Vishal Thengane , Salman Khan , Munawar Hayat , Fahad Khan

Multi-task ``vision-language-action'' (VLA) models have recently demonstrated increasing promise as generalist foundation models for robotics, achieving non-trivial performance out of the box on new tasks in new environments. However, for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Kaustubh Sridhar , Souradeep Dutta , Dinesh Jayaraman , Insup Lee

Continual Learning (CL) involves training a machine learning model in a sequential manner to learn new information while retaining previously learned tasks without the presence of previous training data. Although there has been significant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-23 Anurag Roy , Vinay Kumar Verma , Sravan Voonna , Kripabandhu Ghosh , Saptarshi Ghosh , Abir Das

The ability of artificial agents to increment their capabilities when confronted with new data is an open challenge in artificial intelligence. The main challenge faced in such cases is catastrophic forgetting, i.e., the tendency of neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-16 Eden Belouadah , Adrian Popescu , Ioannis Kanellos

Conformal prediction is an emerging technique for uncertainty quantification that constructs prediction sets guaranteed to contain the true label with a predefined probability. Previous works often employ temperature scaling to calibrate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Huajun Xi , Jianguo Huang , Kangdao Liu , Lei Feng , Hongxin Wei
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