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Long-term Human-Robot Collaboration (HRC) is crucial for enabling flexible manufacturing systems and integrating companion robots into daily human environments over extended periods. This paper identifies several key challenges for such…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Peiqi Yu , Abulikemu Abuduweili , Ruixuan Liu , Changliu Liu

Long-context Large Language Models, despite their expanded capacity, require careful working memory management to mitigate attention dilution during long-horizon tasks. Yet existing approaches rely on external mechanisms that lack awareness…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Yuxiang Zhang , Jiangming Shu , Ye Ma , Xueyuan Lin , Shangxi Wu , Jitao Sang

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in cross-modal understanding and reasoning, offering new opportunities for intelligent assistive systems, yet existing systems still struggle with risk-aware…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Renjun Gao

Mobile robots are often tasked with repeatedly navigating through an environment whose traversability changes over time. These changes may exhibit some hidden structure, which can be learned. Many studies consider reactive algorithms for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-12-07 Florence Tsang , Tristan Walker , Ryan A. MacDonald , Armin Sadeghi , Stephen L. Smith

Leveraging the powerful reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs), recent LLM-based robot task planning methods yield promising results. However, they mainly focus on single or multiple homogeneous robots on simple tasks.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Kehui Liu , Zixin Tang , Dong Wang , Zhigang Wang , Xuelong Li , Bin Zhao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been shown to be capable of performing high-level planning for long-horizon robotics tasks, yet existing methods require access to a pre-defined skill library (e.g. picking, placing, pulling, pushing,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Murtaza Dalal , Tarun Chiruvolu , Devendra Chaplot , Ruslan Salakhutdinov

We study long-horizon planning in 3D environments from under-specified natural-language goals using only visual observations, focusing on multi-step 3D box rearrangement tasks. Existing approaches typically rely on symbolic planners with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Ashish Malik , Caleb Lowe , Aayam Shrestha , Stefan Lee , Fuxin Li , Alan Fern

Robots are increasingly expected to execute open ended natural language requests in human environments, which demands reliable long horizon execution under partial observability. This is especially challenging for humanoids because…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Peng Ren , Haoyang Ge , Chuan Qi , Cong Huang , Hong Li , Jiang Zhao , Pei Chi , Kai Chen

The integration of large language models (LLMs) with embodied agents has improved high-level reasoning capabilities; however, a critical gap remains between semantic understanding and physical execution. While vision-language-action (VLA)…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Rongfeng Zhao , Xuanhao Zhang , Zhaochen Guo , Xiang Shao , Zhongpan Zhu , Bin He , Jie Chen

Large Language Model (LLM)-based agents have achieved notable success on short-horizon and highly structured tasks. However, their ability to maintain coherent decision-making over long horizons in realistic and dynamic environments remains…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Linghua Zhang , Jun Wang , Jingtong Wu , Zhisong Zhang

Embodied robotic AI systems designed to manage complex daily tasks rely on a task planner to understand and decompose high-level tasks. While most research focuses on enhancing the task-understanding abilities of LLMs/VLMs through…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Zhenglong Guo , Yiming Zhao , Feng Jiang , Heng Jin , Zongbao Feng , Jianbin Zhou , Siyuan Xu

Research demonstrates that the proactivity of in-vehicle conversational assistants (IVCAs) can help to reduce distractions and enhance driving safety, better meeting users' cognitive needs. However, existing IVCAs struggle with user intent…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Huifang Du , Xuejing Feng , Jun Ma , Meng Wang , Shiyu Tao , Yijie Zhong , Yuan-Fang Li , Haofen Wang

Reinforcement learning (RL), large language models (LLMs), and vision-language models (VLMs) have been widely studied in isolation. However, existing infrastructure lacks the ability to deploy agents from different decision-making paradigms…

Visual Language Models (VLMs), with powerful multimodal reasoning capabilities, are gradually integrated into autonomous driving by several automobile manufacturers to enhance planning capability in challenging environments. However, the…

Memory is critical for long-horizon and history-dependent robotic manipulation. Such tasks often involve counting repeated actions or manipulating objects that become temporarily occluded. Recent vision-language-action (VLA) models have…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Yinpei Dai , Hongze Fu , Jayjun Lee , Yuejiang Liu , Haoran Zhang , Jianing Yang , Chelsea Finn , Nima Fazeli , Joyce Chai

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently empowered agentic frameworks to exhibit advanced reasoning and planning capabilities. However, their integration in robotic control pipelines remains limited in two aspects: (1) prior…

This paper presents a novel framework, called PLANTOR (PLanning with Natural language for Task-Oriented Robots), that integrates Large Language Models (LLMs) with Prolog-based knowledge management and planning for multi-robot tasks. The…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Enrico Saccon , Ahmet Tikna , Davide De Martini , Edoardo Lamon , Luigi Palopoli , Marco Roveri

Although Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) is effective for complex multi-robot tasks, it suffers from low sample efficiency and requires iterative manual reward tuning. Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promise in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Guobin Zhu , Rui Zhou , Wenkang Ji , Shiyu Zhao

Visual navigation tasks are critical for household service robots. As these tasks become increasingly complex, effective communication and collaboration among multiple robots become imperative to ensure successful completion. In recent…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Pengying Wu , Yao Mu , Kangjie Zhou , Ji Ma , Junting Chen , Chang Liu

Vision-Language Models (VLM) can generate plausible high-level plans when prompted with a goal, the context, an image of the scene, and any planning constraints. However, there is no guarantee that the predicted actions are geometrically…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Zhutian Yang , Caelan Garrett , Dieter Fox , Tomás Lozano-Pérez , Leslie Pack Kaelbling