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Label noise in training data can significantly degrade a model's generalization performance for supervised learning tasks. Here we focus on the problem that noisy labels are primarily mislabeled samples, which tend to be concentrated near…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-16 Hao-Chiang Shao , Hsin-Chieh Wang , Weng-Tai Su , Chia-Wen Lin

International Classification of Diseases (ICD) coding is the task of assigning ICD diagnosis codes to clinical notes. This can be challenging given the large quantity of labels (nearly 9,000) and lengthy texts (up to 8,000 tokens). However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Junwen Duan , Han Jiang , Ying Yu

We tackle the task of environmental event classification by drawing inspiration from the transformer neural network architecture used in machine translation. We modify this attention-based feedforward structure in such a way that allows the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-12-06 Wim Boes , Hugo Van hamme

In this paper, we present a method called HODGEPODGE\footnotemark[1] for large-scale detection of sound events using weakly labeled, synthetic, and unlabeled data proposed in the Detection and Classification of Acoustic Scenes and Events…

Sound · Computer Science 2019-07-18 Ziqiang Shi , Liu Liu , Huibin Lin , Rujie Liu , Anyan Shi

The recent success of deep learning is mostly due to the availability of big datasets with clean annotations. However, gathering a cleanly annotated dataset is not always feasible due to practical challenges. As a result, label noise is a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-25 Görkem Algan , İlkay Ulusoy

Transfer learning is a crucial concept within deep learning that allows artificial neural networks to benefit from a large pre-training data basis when confronted with a task of limited data. Despite its ubiquitous use and clear benefits,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Manuel Milling , Andreas Triantafyllopoulos , Alexander Gebhard , Simon Rampp , Björn W. Schuller

Sound event detection (SED) is typically posed as a supervised learning problem requiring training data with strong temporal labels of sound events. However, the production of datasets with strong labels normally requires unaffordable labor…

Sound · Computer Science 2018-11-02 Dezhi Wang , Lilun Zhang , Changchun Bao , Kele Xu , Boqing Zhu , Qiuqiang Kong

Learning with Noisy Labels (LNL) has become an appealing topic, as imperfectly annotated data are relatively cheaper to obtain. Recent state-of-the-art approaches employ specific selection mechanisms to separate clean and noisy samples and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-04 Ruixuan Xiao , Yiwen Dong , Haobo Wang , Lei Feng , Runze Wu , Gang Chen , Junbo Zhao

Hierarchical text classification (HTC) is a natural language processing task which has the objective of categorising text documents into a set of classes from a predefined structured class hierarchy. Recent HTC approaches use various…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Jaco du Toit , Marcel Dunaiski

Language-audio joint representation learning frameworks typically depend on deterministic embeddings, assuming a one-to-one correspondence between audio and text. In real-world settings, however, the language-audio relationship is…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-22 Toranosuke Manabe , Yuchi Ishikawa , Hokuto Munakata , Tatsuya Komatsu

Classification aids software development activities by organizing requirements in classes for easier access and retrieval. The majority of requirements classification research has, so far, focused on binary or multi-class classification.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Waleed Abdeen , Michael Unterkalmsteiner , Krzysztof Wnuk , Alexandros Chirtoglou , Christoph Schimanski , Heja Goli

Over the past few years, audio classification task on large-scale dataset such as AudioSet has been an important research area. Several deeper Convolution-based Neural networks have shown compelling performance notably Vggish, YAMNet, and…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Shwetank Choudhary , CR Karthik , Punuru Sri Lakshmi , Sumit Kumar

This paper proposes a neural network architecture and training scheme to learn the start and end time of sound events (strong labels) in an audio recording given just the list of sound events existing in the audio without time information…

Sound · Computer Science 2017-10-10 Sharath Adavanne , Tuomas Virtanen

In self-supervised learning for speaker recognition, pseudo labels are useful as the supervision signals. It is a known fact that a speaker recognition model doesn't always benefit from pseudo labels due to their unreliability. In this…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-15 Ruijie Tao , Kong Aik Lee , Rohan Kumar Das , Ville Hautamäki , Haizhou Li

Vision-Language Models (VLMs), with their powerful content generation capabilities, have been successfully applied to data annotation processes. However, the VLM-generated labels exhibit dual limitations: low quality (i.e., label noise) and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Zhongnian Li , Lan Chen , Yixin Xu , Shi Xu , Xinzheng Xu

In the realm of artificial intelligence, where a vast majority of data is unstructured, obtaining substantial amounts of labeled data to train supervised machine learning models poses a significant challenge. To address this, we delve into…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-19 Natan Vidra , Thomas Clifford , Katherine Jijo , Eden Chung , Liang Zhang

We find that the way we choose to represent data labels can have a profound effect on the quality of trained models. For example, training an image classifier to regress audio labels rather than traditional categorical probabilities…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-07 Boyuan Chen , Yu Li , Sunand Raghupathi , Hod Lipson

Federated Learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning paradigm that enables learning models from decentralized private datasets, where the labeling effort is entrusted to the clients. While most existing FL approaches assume…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Vasileios Tsouvalas , Aaqib Saeed , Tanir Ozcelebi , Nirvana Meratnia

Large scale databases with high-quality manual annotations are scarce in audio domain. We thus explore a self-supervised graph approach to learning audio representations from highly limited labelled data. Considering each audio sample as a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-23 Amir Shirian , Krishna Somandepalli , Tanaya Guha

The robustness of supervised deep learning-based medical image classification is significantly undermined by label noise. Although several methods have been proposed to enhance classification performance in the presence of noisy labels,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Bidur Khanal , Tianhong Dai , Binod Bhattarai , Cristian Linte