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Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) can effectively control the wavefront of the impinging signals and has emerged as a cost-effective promising solution to improve the spectrum and energy efficiency of wireless systems. Most existing…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-06-07 Yiming Liu , Erwu Liu , Rui Wang , Binyu Lu , Zhu Han

Users' desire for enhanced performance drive the inevitable technological progress on vertical applications in wireless communication systems. To meet these demands, researchers vigorously investigate potential 6G and beyond technologies…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-15 Emre Arslan , Ali Tugberk Dogukan , Fatih Kilinc , Ertugrul Basar

Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RISs) are programmable metasurfaces that can adaptively steer received electromagnetic energy in desired directions by employing controllable phase shifting cells. Among other uses, an RIS can modify the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-15 Ender Ayanoglu , Filippo Capolino , A. Lee Swindlehurst

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is an emerging paradigm able to control the propagation environment in wireless systems. Most of the research on RIS has been dedicated to system optimization and, with the advent of beyond diagonal…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Matteo Nerini , Shanpu Shen , Hongyu Li , Marco Di Renzo , Bruno Clerckx

In realistic cellular communication systems, multiple service providers will operate within different frequency ranges. Each serving cell, which is managed by a distinct service provider, is designed individually due to the orthogonal…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Hyeongtaek Lee , Junil Choi

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) used as infrastructure in wireless networks has been a trend, thanks to its low cost and high flexibility. Working in many ways including reflective mirrors and phase-shifted surfaces, RIS is able to…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-22 Zhuangzhuang Cui , Franco Minucci , Rizqi Hersyandika , Rodney Martinez Alonso , Andrea P. Guevara , Hazem Sallouha , Sofie Pollin

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) are electromagnetically passive controllable structures, deflecting the incident wave beam in directions predefined by the control signal. A usual way to design RIS based on metasurfaces (MSs) is…

Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS) have emerged as a transformative technology in wireless communication, enabling dynamic control over signal propagation. This paper tackles the challenge of mitigating Channel State Information…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-23 Mahdi Shamsi , Hadi Zayyani , Farokh Marvasti

The concept of Smart Cities has been introduced as a way to benefit from the digitization of various ecosystems at a city level. To support this concept, future communication networks need to be carefully designed with respect to the city…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-03 Steven Kisseleff , Wallace A. Martins , Hayder Al-Hraishawi , Symeon Chatzinotas , Björn Ottersten

The reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) technology for metasurfaces is ushering in a new paradigm for wireless communication systems. It provides an accessible way for controlling the interaction between electromagnetic waves with the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-21 P. H. C. de Souza , M. Khazaee , L. L. Mendes

Intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRSs) have been introduced into wireless communications systems due to their great potential to smartly customize and reconfigure radio propagation environments in a cost-effective manner. Despite the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-03-15 Xianghao Yu , Vahid Jamali , Dongfang Xu , Derrick Wing Kwan Ng , Robert Schober

This paper presents a 1-bit reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) fabricated using a three-layer structure. It employs a manual layer stackup incorporating an optimal air gap to reduce the effective dielectric losses while using a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-07 Mahendra Kheti , Debapratim Ghosh , Soumya P. Dash

Physically accurate and mathematically tractable models are presented to characterize scattering and reflection properties of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs). We take continuous and discrete strategies to model a single patch and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-08-31 Tiebin Mi , Jianan Zhang , Rujing Xiong , Zhengyu Wang , Robert Caiming Qiu

A wireless communication system is studied that operates in the presence of multiple reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs). In particular, a multi-operator environment is considered where each operator utilizes an RIS to enhance its…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-03-04 Nikolaos I. Miridakis , Theodoros A. Tsiftsis , Panagiotis A. Karkazis , Helen C. Leligou , Petar Popovski

This article explores the potential of underwater acoustic reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (UA-RIS) for facilitating long-range and eco-friendly communication in marine environments. Unlike radio frequency-based RIS (RF-RIS), which have…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-08 Yu Luo , Lina Pu , Junming Diao , Chun-Hung Liu , Aijun Song

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs), with the potential to realize a smart radio environment, have emerged as an energy-efficient and a cost-effective technology to support the services and demands foreseen for coming decades. By…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-07-13 Sarah Basharat , Syed Ali Hassan , Haris Pervaiz , Aamir Mahmood , Zhiguo Ding , Mikael Gidlund

Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RISs) can be designed in various ways. A previously proposed semidefinite relaxation-based optimization method for maximizing power transfer efficiency showed promise, but earlier results were only…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-09-20 Hans-Dieter Lang , Michel A. Nyffenegger , Sven Keller , Patrik Stöckli , Nathan A. Hoffman , Heinz Mathis , Xingqi Zhang

A method of simulating a single-input single-output reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) assisted channel is presented using three channel black boxes to represent the direct signal path, the transmit path to the RIS and the reflected…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-02 Hasnul Hashim

Semantic communication, which focuses on conveying the meaning of information rather than exact bit reconstruction, has gained considerable attention in recent years. Meanwhile, reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is a promising…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-06-30 Jiajia Shi , Tse-Tin Chan , Haoyuan Pan , Tat-Ming Lok

There have been recently many studies demonstrating that the performance of wireless communication systems can be significantly improved by a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS), which is an attractive technology due to its low power…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-21 Samed Keşir , Sefa Kayraklık , İbrahim Hökelek , Ali Emre Pusane , Ertugrul Basar , Ali Görçin