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Compact Free-Electron Lasers (FELs) offering broad, continuous spectral tunability are traditionally constrained by fixed-parameter magnetic structures and the necessity for high-energy electron beams. High-gain Harmonic Lasing (HL) has…

High-harmonic generation (HHG) is a nonlinear process in which a material sample is irradiated by intense laser pulses, causing the emission of high harmonics of the incident light. HHG has historically been explained by theories employing…

We present theoretical investigations of high-order harmonic generation (HHG) resulting from the interaction of noble gases with localized surface plasmons. These plasmonic fields are produced when a metal nanoparticle is subject to a…

We formulate a theory of bulk optical current for a periodically driven system, which accounts for the mixing of external drive and laser field frequencies and, therefore, the broadening of the harmonic spectrum compared to the undriven…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-07-07 Abhishek Kumar , Yantao Li , Babak Seradjeh

We experimentally disentangle the contributions of different quantum paths in high-order harmonic generation (HHG) from the spectrally and spatially resolved harmonic spectra. By adjusting the laser intensity and focusing position, we…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2015-10-08 Lixin He , Pengfei Lan , Qingbin Zhang , Chunyang Zhai , Feng Wang , Wenjing Shi , Peixiang Lu

Using one-dimensional semiconductor Bloch equations, we investigate the multiband dynamics of electrons in a cutoff extension scheme employing an infrared pulse with additional UV injection. An extended three-step model is firstly validated…

Optics · Physics 2022-11-01 Yue Lang , Zhaoyang Peng , Zengxiu Zhao

We theoretically study multielectron effects in high-harmonic generation (HHG), using all-electron first-principles simulations for a one-dimensional (1D) model atom. In addition to usual plateau and cutoff (from a cation in the present…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2017-05-24 Iliya Tikhomirov , Takeshi Sato , Kenichi L. Ishikawa

Monolayer transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) present high second-order optical nonlinearity, which is extremely desirable for, e.g., frequency conversion in nonlinear photonic devices. On the other hand, the atomic thickness of 2D…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-11-17 Pilar G. Vianna , Aline dos S. Almeida , Rodrigo M. Gerosa , Dario A. Bahamon , Christiano J. S. de Matos

We theoretically investigate photo-excitation of electron-hole pairs and high harmonic generation in the bulk of zinc oxide (ZnO) subjected to intense femto-second laser pulses with mid-infrared wavelength. The main microscopic mechanism of…

Optics · Physics 2025-07-15 Boyan Obreshkov , Tzveta Apostolova

The creation of light-matter hybrid states, polaritons, in a cavity offers new intriguing opportunities to manipulate the electronic structure and electron dynamics of atoms and molecules. Here, we investigate the effect of electronic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-30 Paul A. Albrecht , Eric W. Fischer , Tillmann Klamroth , Peter Saalfrank

Solid-state high-order harmonic generation (HHG) presents unique features different from gases.Whereas the gaseous harmonics driven by counter-rotating bicircular (CRB) pulse universally peak at a "magic" field ratio approximately…

Optics · Physics 2025-07-15 Qing-Guo Fan , Kang Lai , Wen-hao Liu , Zhi Wang , Lin-Wang Wang , Jun-Wei Luo

High-order harmonic generation (HHG) in solids is profoundly influenced by the dephasing of the coherent electron-hole motion driven by an external laser field. The exact physical mechanisms underlying this dephasing, crucial for accurately…

The majority of sources of coherent optical radiation rely on laser oscillators driven by population inversion. Despite their technological importance in communications, medicine, industry, and other fields, it remains a challenge to access…

Optics · Physics 2021-10-22 Lamia Ateshian , Hyeongrak Choi , Mikkel Heuck , Dirk Englund

In the past two decades high-harmonic generation (HHG) has become a key process in ultra-fast science due to the extremely short time-structure of the underlying electron dynamics being imprinted in the emitted harmonic light bursts. After…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2012-01-25 Markus C. Kohler , Thomas Pfeifer , Karen Z. Hatsagortsyan , Christoph H. Keitel

High-order harmonic generation (HHG) is combined with resonant x-ray excitation of a core electron into the transient valence vacancy that is created in the course of the HHG process. To describe this setting, I develop a…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2015-10-15 Christian Buth

Second-harmonic generation (SHG) is a direct measure of the strength of second-order nonlinear optical effects, which also include frequency mixing and parametric oscillations. Natural and artificial materials with broken…

We investigate ultrafast harmonic generation (HG) in Si:B, driven by intense pump pulses with fields reaching ~100 kV/cm and a carrier frequency of 300 GHz, at 4 K and 300 K, both experimentally and theoretically. We report several novel…

High harmonic generation (HHG) is an extreme nonlinear process where intense pulses of light drive matter to emit high harmonics of the driving frequency, reaching the extreme ultraviolet (XUV) and x-ray spectral ranges. So far, the HHG…

High harmonic generation (HHG) has become a multipurpose source of coherent XUV radiation used in various applications. One of the notable aspects of HHG is its wide spectrum consisting of many harmonic orders. This might represent a…

We study the crystal-momentum-resolved contributions to the high-order harmonic generation (HHG) in band-gap materials, and identify the relevant initial crystal momenta for the first and higher plateaus of the HHG spectra. We do so by…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2020-09-09 Chuan Yu , Hossein Iravani , Lars Bojer Madsen