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This study introduces a novel framework for enhancing domain generalization in medical imaging, specifically focusing on utilizing unlabelled multi-view colour fundus photographs. Unlike traditional approaches that rely on single-view…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Ze Chen , Gongyu Zhang , Jiayu Huo , Joan Nunez do Rio , Charalampos Komninos , Yang Liu , Rachel Sparks , Sebastien Ourselin , Christos Bergeles , Timothy Jackson

The prevalence of ocular illnesses is growing globally, presenting a substantial public health challenge. Early detection and timely intervention are crucial for averting visual impairment and enhancing patient prognosis. This research…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Shramana Dey , Pallabi Dutta , Riddhasree Bhattacharyya , Surochita Pal , Sushmita Mitra , Rajiv Raman

Fundus diseases are major causes of visual impairment and blindness worldwide, especially in underdeveloped regions, where the shortage of ophthalmologists hinders timely diagnosis. AI-assisted fundus image analysis has several advantages,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-24 Yong Liu , Mengtian Kang , Shuo Gao , Chi Zhang , Ying Liu , Shiming Li , Yue Qi , Arokia Nathan , Wenjun Xu , Chenyu Tang , Edoardo Occhipinti , Mayinuer Yusufu , Ningli Wang , Weiling Bai , Luigi Occhipinti

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) show impressive performance for image classification and detection, extending heavily to the medical image domain. Nevertheless, medical experts are sceptical in these predictions as the nonlinear…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-06-30 Waleed M. Gondal , Jan M. Köhler , René Grzeszick , Gernot A. Fink , Michael Hirsch

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have successfully been used to classify diabetic retinopathy (DR) fundus images in recent times. However, deeper representations in CNNs may capture higher-level semantics at the expense of spatial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-02-03 Samuel Ofosu Mensah , Bubacarr Bah , Willie Brink

Retinal fundus images provide valuable insights into the human eye's interior structure and crucial features, such as blood vessels, optic disk, macula, and fovea. However, accurate segmentation of retinal blood vessels can be challenging…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-24 Atifa Kalsoom , M. A. Iftikhar , Amjad Ali , Zubair Shah , Shidin Balakrishnan , Hazrat Ali

Over the past decade, generative models have demonstrated success in enhancing fundus images. However, the evaluation of these models remains a challenge. A benchmark for fundus image enhancement is needed for three main reasons:(1)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Xuanzhao Dong , Wenhui Zhu , Xiwen Chen , Hao Wang , Xin Li , Yujian Xiong , Jiajun Cheng , Zhipeng Wang , Shao Tang , Oana Dumitrascu , Yalin Wang

Over the past two decades, machine analysis of medical imaging has advanced rapidly, opening up significant potential for several important medical applications. As complicated diseases increase and the number of cases rises, the role of…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-08 Fares Bougourzi , Fadi Dornaika , Cosimo Distante , Abdelmalik Taleb-Ahmed

Analysis of retinal fundus images is essential for eye-care physicians in the diagnosis, care and treatment of patients. Accurate fundus and/or retinal vessel maps give rise to longitudinal studies able to utilize multimedia image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-02 Henry A Leopold , Jeff Orchard , John S Zelek , Vasudevan Lakshminarayanan

Deep learning has shown great potential for automated medical image segmentation to improve the precision and speed of disease diagnostics. However, the task presents significant difficulties due to variations in the scale, shape, texture,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-06 Shahzaib Iqbal , Tariq M. Khan , Syed S. Naqvi , Asim Naveed , Erik Meijering

In recent years, artificial intelligence has been increasingly applied in the field of medical imaging. Among these applications, fundus image analysis presents special challenges, including small lesion areas in certain fundus diseases and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Peiran Gu , Teng Yao , Mengshen He , Fuhao Duan , Feiyan Liu , RenYuan Peng , Bao Ge

Vision impairment due to pathological damage of the retina can largely be prevented through periodic screening using fundus color imaging. However the challenge with large scale screening is the inability to exhaustively detect fine blood…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-03-16 Debapriya Maji , Anirban Santara , Pabitra Mitra , Debdoot Sheet

Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a microvascular complication of diabetes and a leading cause of preventable blindness, is projected to affect more than 130 million individuals worldwide by 2030. Early identification is essential to reduce…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-11-12 Jophy Lin

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) remains a leading cause of preventable blindness, yet large-scale screening is constrained by limited specialist availability and variable image quality across devices and populations. This work investigates…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Md Rafid Islam , Rafsan Jany , Akib Ahmed , Mohammad Ashrafuzzaman Khan

This paper presents dilated Residual Network (ResNet) models for disease classification from retinal fundus images. Dilated convolution filters are used to replace normal convolution filters in the higher layers of the ResNet model (dilated…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-04 P. N. Karthikayan , Yoga Sri Varshan , Hitesh Gupta Kattamuri , Umarani Jayaraman

Retinal imaging is fast, non-invasive, and widely available, offering quantifiable structural and vascular signals for ophthalmic and systemic health assessment. This accessibility creates an opportunity to study how quantitative retinal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Zhonghua Wang , Lie Ju , Sijia Li , Wei Feng , Sijin Zhou , Ming Hu , Jianhao Xiong , Xiaoying Tang , Yifan Peng , Mingquan Lin , Yaodong Ding , Yong Zeng , Wenbin Wei , Li Dong , Zongyuan Ge

Reliable detection of retinal diseases from fundus images is challenged by the variability in imaging quality, subtle early-stage manifestations, and domain shift across datasets. In this study, we systematically evaluated a Vision…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Jan Benedikt Ruhland , Thorsten Papenbrock , Jan-Peter Sowa , Ali Canbay , Nicole Eter , Bernd Freisleben , Dominik Heider

Retinopathy represents a group of retinal diseases that, if not treated timely, can cause severe visual impairments or even blindness. Many researchers have developed autonomous systems to recognize retinopathy via fundus and optical…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-05 Taimur Hassan , Bilal Hassan , Muhammad Usman Akram , Shahrukh Hashmi , Abdel Hakim Taguri , Naoufel Werghi

Retinal fundus images play a crucial role in the early detection of eye diseases. However, the impact of technical factors on these images can pose challenges for reliable AI applications in ophthalmology. For example, large fundus cohorts…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Sarah Müller , Lisa M. Koch , Hendrik P. A. Lensch , Philipp Berens

Recent advancements in deep learning have shown significant potential for classifying retinal diseases using color fundus images. However, existing works predominantly rely exclusively on image data, lack interpretability in their…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-06 Deval Mehta , Yiwen Jiang , Catherine L Jan , Mingguang He , Kshitij Jadhav , Zongyuan Ge