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State space models (SSMs) have emerged as an efficient alternative to transformer-based models, offering linear complexity that scales better than transformers. One of the latest advances in SSMs, Mamba, introduces a selective scan…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Junpeng Wang , Chin-Chia Michael Yeh , Uday Singh Saini , Mahashweta Das

Attention mechanisms have been widely used to capture long-range dependencies among nodes in Graph Transformers. Bottlenecked by the quadratic computational cost, attention mechanisms fail to scale in large graphs. Recent improvements in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Chloe Wang , Oleksii Tsepa , Jun Ma , Bo Wang

The Audio-Visual Question Answering (AVQA) task holds significant potential for applications. Compared to traditional unimodal approaches, the multi-modal input of AVQA makes feature extraction and fusion processes more challenging.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Zhe Yang , Wenrui Li , Guanghui Cheng

The attention mechanism has become a dominant operator in point cloud learning, but its quadratic complexity leads to limited inter-point interactions, hindering long-range dependency modeling between objects. Due to excellent long-range…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Kanglin Qu , Pan Gao , Qun Dai , Yuanhao Sun

Within the family of convolutional neural networks, InceptionNeXt has shown excellent competitiveness in image classification and a number of downstream tasks. Built on parallel one-dimensional strip convolutions, however, it suffers from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Yuhang Wang , Jun Li , Zhijian Wu , Jifeng Shen , Jianhua Xu , Wankou Yang

For the deployment of neural networks in resource-constrained environments, prior works have built lightweight architectures with convolution and attention for capturing local and global dependencies, respectively. Recently, the state space…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Sanghyeok Lee , Joonmyung Choi , Hyunwoo J. Kim

Modeling high-resolution spatiotemporal representations, including both global dynamic contexts (e.g., holistic human motion tendencies) and local motion details (e.g., high-frequency changes of keypoints), is essential for video-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Runyang Feng , Hyung Jin Chang , Tze Ho Elden Tse , Boeun Kim , Yi Chang , Yixing Gao

Recent advancements in State Space Models, notably Mamba, have demonstrated superior performance over the dominant Transformer models, particularly in reducing the computational complexity from quadratic to linear. Yet, difficulties in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Fei Xie , Weijia Zhang , Zhongdao Wang , Chao Ma

State Space Models (SSMs)-most notably RNNs-have historically played a central role in sequential modeling. Although attention mechanisms such as Transformers have since dominated due to their ability to model global context, their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Hyun-kyu Ko , Youbin Kim , Jihyeon Park , Dongheok Park , Gyeongjin Kang , Wonjun Cho , Hyung Yi , Eunbyung Park

When predicting the next token in a sequence, vanilla transformers compute attention over all previous tokens, resulting in quadratic scaling of compute with sequence length. State-space models compress the entire sequence of tokens into a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Yash Akhauri , Safeen Huda , Mohamed S. Abdelfattah

As automation advances in manufacturing, the demand for precise and sophisticated defect detection technologies grows. Existing vision models for defect recognition methods are insufficient for handling the complexities and variations of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Qianning Wang , He Hu , Yucheng Zhou

Transformers have proven effective in language modeling but are limited by high computational and memory demands that grow quadratically with input sequence length. State space models (SSMs) offer a promising alternative by reducing…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Dongho Yoon , Gungyu Lee , Jaewon Chang , Yunjae Lee , Dongjae Lee , Minsoo Rhu

Mamba, a State Space Model (SSM) that accelerates training by recasting recurrence as a parallel scan, has recently emerged as a linearly-scaling alternative to self-attention. Because of its unidirectional nature, each state in Mamba only…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Jingwei Zhang , Xi Han , Hong Qin , Mahdi S. Hosseini , Dimitris Samaras

In the field of medical image segmentation, models based on both CNN and Transformer have been thoroughly investigated. However, CNNs have limited modeling capabilities for long-range dependencies, making it challenging to exploit the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-15 Mingya Zhang , Yue Yu , Limei Gu , Tingsheng Lin , Xianping Tao

The rapid advances in deep learning have significantly enhanced the accuracy of multimodal 3D human pose estimation (HPE). However, the state-of-the-art (SOTA) HPE pipelines still rely on Transformers, whose quadratic complexity makes…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Zepeng Yang , Junxuan Bai , Hao Li , Ju Dai , Junjun Pan , Yongfeng Yin , Bin Li

Image restoration requires simultaneously preserving fine-grained local structures and maintaining long-range spatial coherence. While convolutional networks struggle with limited receptive fields, and Transformers incur quadratic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Mohammed Hassanin , Nour Moustafa , Weijian Deng , Ibrahim Radwan

Video understanding requires the extraction of rich spatio-temporal representations, which transformer models achieve through self-attention. Unfortunately, self-attention poses a computational burden. In NLP, Mamba has surfaced as an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Hui Lu , Albert Ali Salah , Ronald Poppe

In recent years, State Space Models (SSMs) with efficient hardware-aware designs, known as the Mamba deep learning models, have made significant progress in modeling long sequences such as language understanding. Therefore, building…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Juntao Zhang , Shaogeng Liu , Jun Zhou , Kun Bian , You Zhou , Jianning Liu , Pei Zhang , Bingyan Liu

Selective state space models (SSMs), such as Mamba, highly excel at capturing long-range dependencies in 1D sequential data, while their applications to 2D vision tasks still face challenges. Current visual SSMs often convert images into 1D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Chaodong Xiao , Minghan Li , Zhengqiang Zhang , Deyu Meng , Lei Zhang

Foundation models, now powering most of the exciting applications in deep learning, are almost universally based on the Transformer architecture and its core attention module. Many subquadratic-time architectures such as linear attention,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Albert Gu , Tri Dao