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The rise of powerful large language models (LLMs) brings about tremendous opportunities for innovation but also looming risks for individuals and society at large. We have reached a pivotal moment for ensuring that LLMs and LLM-infused…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-08-09 Q. Vera Liao , Jennifer Wortman Vaughan

Large Language Models (LLMs) are transforming artificial intelligence, enabling autonomous agents to perform diverse tasks across various domains. These agents, proficient in human-like text comprehension and generation, have the potential…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Saikat Barua

The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) heralds a pivotal shift in online user interactions with information. Traditional Information Retrieval (IR) systems primarily relied on query-document matching, whereas LLMs excel in comprehending…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-11-22 Samira Ghodratnama , Mehrdad Zakershahrak

Large Language Models (LLMs) have empowered AI agents with advanced capabilities for understanding, reasoning, and interacting across diverse tasks. The addition of memory further enhances them by enabling continuity across interactions,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Himanshu Gharat , Himanshi Agrawal , Gourab K. Patro

The pervasive spread of misinformation and disinformation in social media underscores the critical importance of detecting media bias. While robust Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as foundational tools for bias prediction,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Luyang Lin , Lingzhi Wang , Jinsong Guo , Kam-Fai Wong

Over the last year, Large Language Models (LLMs) like ChatGPT have become widely available and have exhibited fairness issues similar to those in previous machine learning systems. Current research is primarily focused on analyzing and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Anna Kruspe

Recently, the emergence of large language models (LLMs) has revolutionized the paradigm of information retrieval (IR) applications, especially in web search, by generating vast amounts of human-like texts on the Internet. As a result, IR…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Sunhao Dai , Yuqi Zhou , Liang Pang , Weihao Liu , Xiaolin Hu , Yong Liu , Xiao Zhang , Gang Wang , Jun Xu

Recent advancements in Artificial Intelligence, particularly in Large Language Models (LLMs), have transformed natural language processing by improving generative capabilities. However, detecting biases embedded within these models remains…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Suvendu Mohanty

The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) has reshaped agent systems. Unlike traditional rule-based agents with limited task scope, LLM-powered agents offer greater flexibility, cross-domain reasoning, and natural language interaction.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Guannan Liang , Qianqian Tong

With the rapid progress of Large Language Models (LLMs), the general public now has easy and affordable access to applications capable of answering most health-related questions in a personalized manner. These LLMs are increasingly proving…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Emma Kondrup , Anne Imouza

Autonomous scientific research is significantly advanced thanks to the development of AI agents. One key step in this process is finding the right scientific literature, whether to explore existing knowledge for a research problem, or to…

In recent years, data science agents powered by Large Language Models (LLMs), known as "data agents," have shown significant potential to transform the traditional data analysis paradigm. This survey provides an overview of the evolution,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Maojun Sun , Ruijian Han , Binyan Jiang , Houduo Qi , Defeng Sun , Yancheng Yuan , Jian Huang

As large language models (LLMs) grow in capability and autonomy, evaluating their outputs-especially in open-ended and complex tasks-has become a critical bottleneck. A new paradigm is emerging: using AI agents as the evaluators themselves.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Fangyi Yu

As scientific research becomes increasingly complex, innovative tools are needed to manage vast data, facilitate interdisciplinary collaboration, and accelerate discovery. Large language models (LLMs) are now evolving into LLM-based…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Shuo Ren , Can Xie , Pu Jian , Zhenjiang Ren , Chunlin Leng , Jiajun Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have created new opportunities to enhance the efficiency of scholarly activities; however, challenges persist in the ethical deployment of AI assistance, including (1) the trustworthiness of AI-generated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Mengze Hong , Di Jiang , Chen Jason Zhang , Zichang Guo , Yawen Li , Jun Chen , Shaobo Cui , Zhiyang Su

As many of us in the information retrieval (IR) research community know and appreciate, search is far from being a solved problem. Millions of people struggle with tasks on search engines every day. Often, their struggles relate to the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Ryen W. White

Training fair and unbiased machine learning models is crucial for high-stakes applications, yet it presents significant challenges. Effective bias mitigation requires deep expertise in fairness definitions, metrics, data preprocessing, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Yucong Dai , Lu Zhang , Feng Luo , Mashrur Chowdhury , Yongkai Wu

Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming the practice of science. Machine learning and large language models (LLMs) can generate hypotheses at a scale and speed far exceeding traditional methods, offering the potential to accelerate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Cristina Cornelio , Takuya Ito , Ryan Cory-Wright , Sanjeeb Dash , Lior Horesh

The rise of general-purpose artificial intelligence (AI) systems, particularly large language models (LLMs), has raised pressing moral questions about how to reduce bias and ensure fairness at scale. Researchers have documented a sort of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Jacy Anthis , Kristian Lum , Michael Ekstrand , Avi Feller , Chenhao Tan

Large Language Model (LLM) agents, acting on their users' behalf to manipulate and analyze data, are likely to become the dominant workload for data systems in the future. When working with data, agents employ a high-throughput process of…