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Federated learning is a promising privacy-preserving paradigm for distributed machine learning. In this context, there is sometimes a need for a specialized process called machine unlearning, which is required when the effect of some…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Heng Xu , Tianqing Zhu , Lefeng Zhang , Wanlei Zhou , Philip S. Yu

Tool-augmented large language models (LLMs) are often trained on datasets of query-response pairs, which embed the ability to use tools or APIs directly into the parametric knowledge of LLMs. Tool-augmented LLMs need the ability to forget…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Jiali Cheng , Hadi Amiri

Machine unlearning -- efficiently removing the effect of a small "forget set" of training data on a pre-trained machine learning model -- has recently attracted significant research interest. Despite this interest, however, recent work…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Kristian Georgiev , Roy Rinberg , Sung Min Park , Shivam Garg , Andrew Ilyas , Aleksander Madry , Seth Neel

LLMs trained on massive datasets may inadvertently acquire sensitive information such as personal details and potentially harmful content. This risk is further heightened in multimodal LLMs as they integrate information from multiple…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Vaidehi Patil , Yi-Lin Sung , Peter Hase , Jie Peng , Tianlong Chen , Mohit Bansal

As instruction-tuned large language models (LLMs) evolve, aligning pretrained foundation models presents increasing challenges. Existing alignment strategies, which typically leverage diverse and high-quality data sources, often overlook…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Yikun Wang , Rui Zheng , Liang Ding , Qi Zhang , Dahua Lin , Dacheng Tao

Machine unlearning aims to remove the influence of specific samples from a trained model. A key challenge in this process is over-unlearning, where the model's performance on the remaining data significantly drops due to the change in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Huiqiang Chen , Tianqing Zhu , Xin Yu , Wanlei Zhou

Machine Unlearning (MU) aims to remove target training data from a trained model so that the removed data no longer influences the model's behavior, fulfilling "right to be forgotten" obligations under data privacy laws. Yet, we observe…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Jaeung Lee , Suhyeon Yu , Yurim Jang , Simon S. Woo , Jaemin Jo

Machine unlearning aims to remove the influence of problematic training data after a model has been trained. The primary challenge in machine unlearning is ensuring that the process effectively removes specified data without compromising…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Aviv Shamsian , Eitan Shaar , Aviv Navon , Gal Chechik , Ethan Fetaya

Large Language Models (LLMs) inevitably memorize sensitive information during training, posing significant privacy risks. Machine unlearning has emerged as a promising solution to selectively remove such information without full retraining.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Yuze Wang , Yujia Tong , Xuan Liu , Junhao Dong

Large language models trained on web-scale corpora can memorize undesirable data containing misinformation, copyrighted material, or private or sensitive information. Recently, several machine unlearning algorithms have been proposed to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Keivan Rezaei , Khyathi Chandu , Soheil Feizi , Yejin Choi , Faeze Brahman , Abhilasha Ravichander

In recent years, unlearning techniques, which are methods for inducing a model to "forget" previously learned information, have attracted attention as a way to address privacy and copyright concerns in large language models (LLMs) and large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Tatsuki Kawakami , Kazuki Egashira , Atsuyuki Miyai , Go Irie , Kiyoharu Aizawa

Machine unlearning, which selectively removes harmful knowledge from a pre-trained model without retraining from scratch, is crucial for addressing privacy, regulatory compliance, and ethical concerns in Large Language Models (LLMs).…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Feng Guo , Yuntao Wen , Shen Gao , Junshuo Zhang , Shuo Shang

This paper presents our strategy to address the SemEval-2022 Task 3 PreTENS: Presupposed Taxonomies Evaluating Neural Network Semantics. The goal of the task is to identify if a sentence is deemed acceptable or not, depending on the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-10 Injy Sarhan , Pablo Mosteiro , Marco Spruit

Existing Machine Learning techniques yield close to human performance on text-based classification tasks. However, the presence of multi-modal noise in chat data such as emoticons, slang, spelling mistakes, code-mixed data, etc. makes…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-09 Parag Agrawal , Anshuman Suri

Machine unlearning, the process of efficiently removing specific information from machine learning models, is a growing area of interest for responsible AI. However, few studies have explored the effectiveness of unlearning methods on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Alkis Koudounas , Claudio Savelli , Flavio Giobergia , Elena Baralis

We study how to perform unlearning, i.e. forgetting undesirable misbehaviors, on large language models (LLMs). We show at least three scenarios of aligning LLMs with human preferences can benefit from unlearning: (1) removing harmful…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Yuanshun Yao , Xiaojun Xu , Yang Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) are foundational to AI advancements, facilitating applications like predictive text generation. Nonetheless, they pose risks by potentially memorizing and disseminating sensitive, biased, or copyrighted…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Youyang Qu , Ming Ding , Nan Sun , Kanchana Thilakarathna , Tianqing Zhu , Dusit Niyato

Machine unlearning aims to remove unwanted information from a model, but many methods are inefficient for LLMs with large numbers of parameters or fail to fully remove the intended information without degrading performance on knowledge that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Shariqah Hossain , Lalana Kagal

Model merging has emerged as a lightweight alternative to joint multi-task learning (MTL), yet the generalization properties of merged models remain largely unexplored. Establishing such theoretical guarantees is non-trivial, as the merging…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Seyed Arshan Dalili , Mehrdad Mahdavi

The key components of machine learning are data samples for training, model for learning patterns, and loss function for optimizing accuracy. Analogously, unlearning can potentially be achieved through anti-data samples (or anti-samples),…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Yash Sinha , Murari Mandal , Mohan Kankanhalli
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