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Related papers: Tunable multi-bit stochasticity in La$_{0.67}$Sr$_…

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Probabilistic (p-) computing, which leverages the stochasticity of its building blocks (p-bits) to solve a variety of computationally hard problems, has recently emerged as a promising physics-inspired hardware accelerator platform. A…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2025-05-02 Sagnik Banerjee , Shiva T. Konakanchi , Supriyo Datta , Pramey Upadhyaya

A probabilistic-bit (p-bit) is the fundamental building block in the circuit network of a stochastic computing, and it could produce a continuous random bit-stream with tunable probability. Utilizing the stochasticity in few-domain…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Sheng Luo , Yihan He , Baofang Cai , Xiao Gong , Gengchiau Liang

Probabilistic bits (p-bits) are stochastic hardware elements whose output probability can be tuned by an input bias, offering a route to energy-efficient architectures that exploit, rather than suppress, fluctuations. Here we report p-bit…

Probabilistic computing is a novel computing scheme that offers a more efficient approach than conventional CMOS-based logic in a variety of applications ranging from optimization to Bayesian inference, and invertible Boolean logic. The…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-06-18 John Daniel , Zheng Sun , Xuejian Zhang , Yuanqiu Tan , Neil Dilley , Zhihong Chen , Joerg Appenzeller

We introduce the concept of a probabilistic or p-bit, intermediate between the standard bits of digital electronics and the emerging q-bits of quantum computing. We show that low barrier magnets or LBM's provide a natural physical…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2020-07-16 Kerem Y. Camsari , Brian M. Sutton , Supriyo Datta

Ongoing semiconductor scaling challenges and the rise of neuromorphic computing have sparked interest in exploring novel computing schemes to achieve higher power efficiency and computational capabilities. Probabilistic computing is one…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Xuejian Zhang , John Arnesh Divakaruni Daniel , Neil Dilley , Zhihong Chen , Joerg Appenzeller

Probabilistic bits (p-bits) have recently been employed in neural networks (NNs) as stochastic neurons with sigmoidal probabilistic activation functions. Nonetheless, there remain a wealth of other probabilistic activation functions that…

Probabilistic (p-) bits implemented with low energy barrier nanomagnets (LBMs) have recently gained attention because they can be leveraged to perform some computational tasks very efficiently. Although more error-resilient than Boolean…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-03-10 Justine L. Drobitch , Supriyo Bandyopadhyay

Stochastic magnetic tunnel junctions (s-MTJ) is a promising component of probabilistic bit (p-bit), which plays a pivotal role in probabilistic computers. For a standard cell structure of the p-bit, s-MTJ is desired to be insensitive to…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-07-12 Rikuto Ota , Keito Kobayashi , Keisuke Hayakawa , Shun Kanai , Kerem Y. Çamsarı , Hideo Ohno , Shunsuke Fukami

The slowing down of Moore's Law has led to a crisis as the computing workloads of Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithms continue skyrocketing. There is an urgent need for scalable and energy-efficient hardware catering to the unique…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Shuvro Chowdhury , Kerem Y. Camsari

Stochastic p-Bit devices play a pivotal role in solving NP-hard problems, neural network computing, and hardware accelerators for algorithms such as the simulated annealing. In this work, we focus on Stochastic p-Bits based on high-barrier…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-06-06 X. H. Li , M. K. Zhao , R. Zhang , C. H. Wan , Y. Z. Wang , X. M. Luo , S. Q. Liu , J. H. Xia , G. Q. Yu , X. F. Han

LaAlO3-Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3 (LAO-BST) thin films, with different LAO contents, were deposited on Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si and (100) LaAlO3 substrate, via a pulsed laser deposition (PLD). Phase composition and microstructure of the LAO-BST thin films were…

Materials Science · Physics 2007-05-23 L. B. Kong , L. Yan , K. B. Chong , C. Y. Tan , L. F. Chen , C. K. Ong

Probabilistic computing has emerged as a viable approach to solve hard optimization problems. Devices with inherent stochasticity can greatly simplify their implementation in electronic hardware. Here, we demonstrate intrinsic stochastic…

Probabilistic computing has emerged as a viable approach to treat optimization problems. To achieve superior computing performance, the key aspect during computation is massive sampling and tuning on the probability states of each…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-02-07 Yadi Wang , Bin Chen , Wenping Gao , Biying Ye , Chang Niu , Wenbin Wang , Yinyan Zhu , Weichao Yu , Hangwen Guo , Jian Shen

We report on the electric-field-induced reversible metal-insulator transition (MIT) of the insulating LaAlO3 thin films observed in metal/LaAlO3/Nb-SrTiO3 heterostructures. The switching voltage depends strongly on the thickness of the…

Energy-efficient methods are addressed for leveraging low energy barrier nanomagnetic devices within neuromorphic architectures. Using a Magnetoresistive Random Access Memory (MRAM) probabilistic device (p-bit) as the basis of neuronal…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2020-05-06 Hossein Pourmeidani , Punyashloka Debashis , Zhihong Chen , Ronald F. DeMara , Ramtin Zand

Over the decades, the spin dynamics of a large set of lanthanide complexes have been explored. Lanthanide-based molecular nanomagnets are bistable spin systems, generally conceptualized as classical bits, but many lanthanide complexes have…

Probabilistic computers offer promising solutions for computationally hard problems in domains such as combinatorial optimization and machine learning. A key building block in these systems is the probabilistic bit (p-bit), which relies on…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Ju-Young Yoon , Nuno Cacoilo , Advait Madhavan , Jabez J. McClelland , Shun Kanai , Hideo Ohno , Shunsuke Fukami , William A. Borders

Superparamagnetic tunnel junctions (SMTJs) are promising sources of randomness for compact and energy efficient implementations of probabilistic computing techniques. Augmenting an SMTJ with electronic circuits, to convert the random…

Density functional calculations are carried out to study the symmetry and substitution-driven electronic phase transition in BaPb$_{1-x}$Sn$_x$O$_3$. Two end members BaSnO$_3$ and BaPbO$_3$, are found to be insulating and metallic,…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-10-27 Ravi Kashikar , B. R. K. Nanda
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