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Effective and efficient mitigation of malware is a long-time endeavor in the information security community. The development of an anti-malware system that can counteract an unknown malware is a prolific activity that may benefit several…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-02-08 Abien Fred Agarap

Traditional adversarial attacks rely upon the perturbations generated by gradients from the network which are generally safeguarded by gradient guided search to provide an adversarial counterpart to the network. In this paper, we propose a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-08 Ujjwal Upadhyay , Prerana Mukherjee

A variational autoencoder (VAE) is a probabilistic machine learning framework for posterior inference that projects an input set of high-dimensional data to a lower-dimensional, latent space. The latent space learned with a VAE offers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-16 Rafael Pastrana

Zero-day and ransomware attacks continue to challenge traditional Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS), revealing their limitations in timely threat classification. Despite efforts to reduce false positives and negatives, significant…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Steven Jabulani Nhlapo , Mike Nkongolo Wa Nkongolo

Malware developers use combinations of techniques such as compression, encryption, and obfuscation to bypass anti-virus software. Malware with anti-analysis technologies can bypass AI-based anti-virus software and malware analysis tools.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-18 Jong-Wouk Kim , Yang-Sae Moon , Mi-Jung Choi

We propose a novel capsule network based variational encoder architecture, called Bayesian capsules (B-Caps), to modulate the mean and standard deviation of the sampling distribution in the latent space. We hypothesized that this approach…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Harish RaviPrakash , Syed Muhammad Anwar , Ulas Bagci

In this paper, we present a scientific evaluation of four prominent malware detection tools to assist an organization with two primary questions: To what extent do ML-based tools accurately classify previously- and never-before-seen files?…

Video Variational Autoencoder (VAE) enables latent video generative modeling by mapping the visual world into compact spatiotemporal latent spaces, improving training efficiency and stability. While existing video VAEs achieve commendable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Yian Zhao , Feng Wang , Qiushan Guo , Chang Liu , Xiangyang Ji , Jian Zhang , Jie Chen

Modern commercial antivirus systems increasingly rely on machine learning to keep up with the rampant inflation of new malware. However, it is well-known that machine learning models are vulnerable to adversarial examples (AEs). Previous…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-05-03 Wei Song , Xuezixiang Li , Sadia Afroz , Deepali Garg , Dmitry Kuznetsov , Heng Yin

In recent years, there has been a significant surge in malware attacks, necessitating more advanced preventive measures and remedial strategies. While several successful AI-based malware classification approaches exist categorized into…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-22 Quincy Card , Daniel Simpson , Kshitiz Aryal , Maanak Gupta , Sheikh Rabiul Islam

Feature engineering is one of the most costly aspects of developing effective machine learning models, and that cost is even greater in specialized problem domains, like malware classification, where expert skills are necessary to identify…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-02 Scott E. Coull , Christopher Gardner

Behavioral malware detection aims to improve on the performance of static signature-based techniques used by anti-virus systems, which are less effective against modern polymorphic and metamorphic malware. Behavioral malware classification…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-11-20 Bander Alsulami , Spiros Mancoridis

Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) are powerful generative models that have been widely used in various fields, including image and text generation. However, one of the known challenges in using VAEs is the model's sensitivity to its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Gabriela Sejnova , Michal Vavrecka , Karla Stepanova

Multi-label classification is a challenging task, particularly in domains where the number of labels to be predicted is large. Deep neural networks are often effective at multi-label classification of images and textual data. When dealing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-30 Nikolaos Mylonas , Ioannis Mollas , Nick Bassiliades , Grigorios Tsoumakas

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) are widely used deep generative models capable of learning unsupervised latent representations of data. Such representations are often difficult to interpret or control. We consider the problem of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-18 Jack Klys , Jake Snell , Richard Zemel

Machine learning has been successfully applied in developing malware detection systems, with a primary focus on accuracy, and increasing attention to reducing computational overhead and improving model interpretability. However, an…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Oladipo A. Madamidola , Felix Ngobigha , Adnane Ez-zizi

Machine learning and deep learning (ML/DL) have been extensively applied in malware detection, and some existing methods demonstrate robust performance. However, several issues persist in the field of malware detection: (1) Existing work…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Xingyuan Wei , Yichen Liu , Ce Li , Ning Li , Degang Sun , Yan Wang

Many studies have proposed machine-learning (ML) models for malware detection and classification, reporting an almost-perfect performance. However, they assemble ground-truth in different ways, use diverse static- and dynamic-analysis…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-28 Savino Dambra , Yufei Han , Simone Aonzo , Platon Kotzias , Antonino Vitale , Juan Caballero , Davide Balzarotti , Leyla Bilge

With the increasing extent of malware attacks in the present day along with the difficulty in detecting modern malware, it is necessary to evaluate the effectiveness and performance of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) for malware classification.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Akhil M R , Adithya Krishna V Sharma , Harivardhan Swamy , Pavan A , Ashray Shetty , Anirudh B Sathyanarayana

Over past years, the manually methods to create detection rules were no longer practical in the anti-malware product since the number of malware threats has been growing. Thus, the turn to the machine learning approaches is a promising way…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-05-02 Khanh Huu The Dam , Charles-Henry Bertrand Van Ouytsel , Axel Legay