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Forecasting the wide variety of high-impact weather events experienced globally is a challenge for both Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) models and it is critical that such models be properly verified…

Artificial intelligence and machine learning have shown great promise in their ability to accelerate novel materials discovery. As researchers and domain scientists seek to unify and consolidate chemical knowledge, the case for models with…

Unprecedented volumes of Earth observation data are continually collected around the world, but high-quality labels remain scarce given the effort required to make physical measurements and observations. This has led to considerable…

EUTelescope is a modular, comprehensive software framework for the reconstruction of particle trajectories recorded with beam telescopes. Its modularity allows for a flexible usage of processors each fulfilling separate tasks of the…

The Herzberg Extensible Adaptive optics Real-Time Toolkit (HEART) is a complete framework written in C and Python for building next-generation adaptive optics (AO) system real-time controllers, with the performance needed for extremely…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-12-25 Edward L. Chapin , Jennifer Dunn , Dan Kerley , Lianne Mueller , Malcolm Smith , Jonathan Stocks

Weather forecasting is crucial for public safety, disaster prevention and mitigation, agricultural production, and energy management, with global relevance. Although deep learning has significantly advanced weather prediction, current…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Shixuan Li , Wei Yang , Peiyu Zhang , Xiongye Xiao , Defu Cao , Yuehan Qin , Xiaole Zhang , Yue Zhao , Paul Bogdan

We present TerraMind, the first any-to-any generative, multimodal foundation model for Earth observation (EO). Unlike other multimodal models, TerraMind is pretrained on dual-scale representations combining both token-level and pixel-level…

Recent advances in time-series forecasting increasingly rely on pre-trained foundation-style models. While these models often claim broad generalization, existing evaluation protocols provide limited evidence. Indeed, most current…

The AiTLAS toolbox (Artificial Intelligence Toolbox for Earth Observation) includes state-of-the-art machine learning methods for exploratory and predictive analysis of satellite imagery as well as repository of AI-ready Earth Observation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-24 Ivica Dimitrovski , Ivan Kitanovski , Panče Panov , Nikola Simidjievski , Dragi Kocev

Direct imaging of exoplanets is a challenging task that involves distinguishing faint planetary signals from the overpowering glare of their host stars, often obscured by time-varying stellar noise known as "speckles". The predominant…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-26 Chia-Lin Ko , Ewan S. Douglas , Justin Hom

Current Earth observation foundation models are architecturally rigid, struggle with heterogeneous sensors and are constrained to fixed patch sizes. This limits their deployment in real-world scenarios requiring flexible computeaccuracy…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-23 Theodor Forgaard , Jarle H. Reksten , Anders U. Waldeland , Valerio Marsocci , Nicolas Longépé , Michael Kampffmeyer , Arnt-Børre Salberg

In recent years, aerial platforms have evolved from passive flying sensors into versatile, contact-aware robotic systems, leading to rapid advances in platform design. Standard coplanar and collinear quadrotors have been complemented by…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Nicola Cigarini , Giulia Michieletto , Angelo Cenedese

Triggered by the realization that AI emulators can rival the performance of traditional numerical weather prediction models running on HPC systems, there is now an increasing number of large AI models that address use cases such as…

This paper introduces a novel CUDA-enabled PyTorch-based framework designed for the gradient-based optimization of such reconfigurable electromagnetic structures with electrically tunable parameters. Traditional optimization techniques for…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-11-25 Johannes Müller , Dennis Philipp , Matthias Günther

This paper reports on a study of transferring a desktop-based model-based engineering tool to a web application. The study has been conducted in the WEBMODEL project where the well-established technology stack around the Eclipse platform…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-03-01 Florian Hölzl , Simon Barner

SchNetPack is a versatile neural networks toolbox that addresses both the requirements of method development and application of atomistic machine learning. Version 2.0 comes with an improved data pipeline, modules for equivariant neural…

Earth system science is producing increasingly large, high-dimensional datasets from physics based Earth system models to AI-based weather and climate models. Embedding-based representations can make these data searchable through similarity…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2026-05-05 Nihanth W. Cherukuru , Matt Rehme , Kirsten J. Mayer , David John Gagne , John Schreck , John Clyne , Charlie Becker

Decision-making in building energy systems critically depends on the predictive accuracy of relevant time-series models. In scenarios lacking extensive data from a target building, foundation models (FMs) represent a promising technology…

Foundation models have emerged as a powerful tool for many AI problems. Despite the tremendous success of foundation models, effective adaptation to new tasks, particularly those with limited labels, remains an open question and lacks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Zhuoyan Xu , Zhenmei Shi , Junyi Wei , Fangzhou Mu , Yin Li , Yingyu Liang

Operational forecasting of the ionosphere remains a critical space weather challenge due to sparse observations, complex coupling across geospatial layers, and a growing need for timely, accurate predictions that support Global Navigation…

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