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In recent years, multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have made significant strides by training on vast high-quality image-text datasets, enabling them to generally understand images well. However, the inherent difficulty in explicitly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Yuanze Lin , Yunsheng Li , Dongdong Chen , Weijian Xu , Ronald Clark , Philip Torr , Lu Yuan

Vision-Language Transformers (VLTs) have shown great success recently, but are meanwhile accompanied by heavy computation costs, where a major reason can be attributed to the large number of visual and language tokens. Existing token…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-06 Jianjian Cao , Peng Ye , Shengze Li , Chong Yu , Yansong Tang , Jiwen Lu , Tao Chen

Both the Dictionary Learning (DL) and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) are powerful image representation learning systems based on different mechanisms and principles, however whether we can seamlessly integrate them to improve the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-01-16 Zhao Zhang , Yulin Sun , Yang Wang , Zhengjun Zha , Shuicheng Yan , Meng Wang

Modern multimodal large language models (MLLMs) typically keep the language model fixed and train a visual projector that maps the pixels into a sequence of tokens in its embedding space, so that images can be presented in essentially the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Hyun Lee , Hyemin Jeong , Yejin Kim , Hyungwook Choi , Hyunsoo Cho , Soo Kyung Kim , Joonseok Lee

Although much significant progress has been made in the research field of object detection with deep learning, there still exists a challenging task for the objects with small size, which is notably pronounced in UAV-captured images.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-22 Yingjie Liu

The performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) depends heavily on the chosen prompting strategy, yet static approaches such as Zero-Shot, Few-Shot, or Chain-of-Thought (CoT) impose a rigid efficiency-accuracy trade-off. Highly accurate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Jiexi Xu

Current multimodal large language models (MLLMs) face significant challenges in visual document understanding (VDU) tasks due to the high resolution, dense text, and complex layouts typical of document images. These characteristics demand a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Jiaxin Zhang , Wentao Yang , Songxuan Lai , Zecheng Xie , Lianwen Jin

Large vision transformers present impressive scalability, as their performance can be well improved with increased model capacity. Nevertheless, their cumbersome parameters results in exorbitant computational and memory demands. By…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Chengchao Shen

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are successful in many computer vision tasks. However, the most accurate DNNs require millions of parameters and operations, making them energy, computation and memory intensive. This impedes the deployment of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-26 Abhinav Goel , Caleb Tung , Yung-Hsiang Lu , George K. Thiruvathukal

The high computational demands of Large Language Models (LLMs) motivate methods that reduce parameter count and accelerate inference. In response, model pruning emerges as an effective strategy, yet current methods typically focus on a…

Unstructured neural network pruning algorithms have achieved impressive compression rates. However, the resulting - typically irregular - sparse matrices hamper efficient hardware implementations, leading to additional memory usage and…

Model compression is essential in the deployment of large Computer Vision models on embedded devices. However, static optimization techniques (e.g. pruning, quantization, etc.) neglect the fact that different inputs have different…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Fabio Montello , Ronja Güldenring , Simone Scardapane , Lazaros Nalpantidis

Retrieval-augmented in-context learning has emerged as a powerful approach for addressing knowledge-intensive tasks using frozen language models (LM) and retrieval models (RM). Existing work has combined these in simple "retrieve-then-read"…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-24 Omar Khattab , Keshav Santhanam , Xiang Lisa Li , David Hall , Percy Liang , Christopher Potts , Matei Zaharia

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown strong reasoning ability, but their high computational and memory costs hinder deployment in resource-constrained settings. While Post-Training Quantization (PTQ) and vision token pruning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Xinhao Wang , Zhonyu Xia , Zhiwei Lin , Zhe Li , Yongtao Wang

Vision-language reward modeling faces a dilemma: generative approaches are interpretable but slow, while discriminative ones are efficient but act as opaque "black boxes." To bridge this gap, we propose VL-MDR (Vision-Language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Qiyuan Chen , Hongsen Huang , Jiahe Chen , Qian Shao , Jintai Chen , Hongxia Xu , Renjie Hua , Chuan Ren , Jian Wu

Low-shot image classification, where training images are limited or inaccessible, has benefited from recent progress on pre-trained vision-language (VL) models with strong generalizability, e.g. CLIP. Prompt learning methods built with VL…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Zhaoheng Zheng , Jingmin Wei , Xuefeng Hu , Haidong Zhu , Ram Nevatia

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) improve performance on vision-language tasks by integrating visual features from pre-trained vision encoders into large language models (LLMs). However, how MLLMs process and utilize visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Hao Yin , Guangzong Si , Zilei Wang

Vision transformers (ViTs) are widely employed in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) for visual encoding. However, they exhibit inferior performance on tasks regarding fine-grained visual perception. We attribute this to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Yipeng Zhang , Yifan Liu , Zonghao Guo , Yidan Zhang , Xuesong Yang , Xiaoying Zhang , Chi Chen , Jun Song , Bo Zheng , Yuan Yao , Zhiyuan Liu , Tat-Seng Chua , Maosong Sun

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) hold huge potential for usage in the medical domain, but their computational costs necessitate efficient compression techniques. This paper evaluates the impact of structural pruning and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Tanvir A. Khan , Aranya Saha , Ismam N. Swapnil , Mohammad A. Haque

Current multimodal large language models (MLLMs) struggle with fine-grained or precise understanding of visuals although they give comprehensive perception and reasoning in a spectrum of vision applications. Recent studies either develop…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Ziang Yan , Zhilin Li , Yinan He , Chenting Wang , Kunchang Li , Xinhao Li , Xiangyu Zeng , Zilei Wang , Yali Wang , Yu Qiao , Limin Wang , Yi Wang