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A vast variety of real-life networks display the ubiquitous presence of scale-free phenomenon and small-world effect, both of which play a significant role in the dynamical processes running on networks. Although various dynamical processes…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-07-19 Zhongzhi Zhang , Shuigeng Zhou , Wenlei Xie , Lichao Chen , Yuan Lin , Jihong Guan

The kinetics of a variety of transport-controlled processes can be reduced to the problem of determining the mean time needed to arrive at a given location for the first time, the so called mean first passage time (MFPT) problem. The…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-11 Aljaz Godec , Ralf Metzler

All data on the Internet are transferred by network traffic, thus accurately modeling network traffic can help improve network services quality and protect data privacy. Pretrained models for network traffic can utilize large-scale raw data…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Xuying Meng , Chungang Lin , Yequan Wang , Yujun Zhang

Graphs are commonly used to model various complex systems, including social networks, power grids, transportation networks, and biological systems. In many applications, the connectivity of these networks can be expressed through the Mean…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-09-03 Christian P. C. Franssen , Alessandro Zocca , Bernd F. Heidergott

Tracking the movement of tracer particles has long been a strategy for uncovering complex structures. Here, we study discrete-time random walks on finite Cayley trees to infer key parameters such as tree depth and geometric bias toward the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-12-01 Fabian H. Kreten , Ludger Santen , Reza Shaebani

As a basic dynamic feature on complex networks, the property of random walk has received a lot of attention in recent years. In this paper, we first studied the analytical expression of the mean global first passage time (MGFPT) on the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-11-23 Zhizhuo Zhang , Bo Wu

In this paper, we consider the random walk process on a kind of fractal (or transfractal) scale free networks, which also called as $(u,v)$ flowers, and we focus on the global first passage time (GFPT) and first return time (FRT). Here, we…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-10-27 Junhao Peng

In this paper, we investigate random walks in a family of small-world trees having an exponential degree distribution. First, we address a trapping problem, that is, a particular case of random walks with an immobile trap located at the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2011-08-25 Zhongzhi Zhang , Xintong Li , Yuan Lin , Guanrong Chen

Modern transportation network modeling increasingly involves the integration of diverse methodologies including sensor-based forecasting, reinforcement learning, classical flow optimization, and demand modeling that have traditionally been…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-07-08 Xuesong , Zhou , Taehooie Kim , Mostafa Ameli , Henan , Zhu , Yu- dai Honma , Ram M. Pendyala

In this work we propose a novel method to calculate mean first-passage times (MFPTs) for random walks on graphs, based on a dimensionality reduction technique for Markov State Models, known as local-equilibrium (LE). We show that for a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-03-09 Yanik-Pascal Förster , Luca Gamberi , Evan Tzanis , Pierpaolo Vivo , Alessia Annibale

A microscopic description of packet transport in the Internet by using a simple cellular automaton model is presented. A generalised exclusion process is introduced which allows to study travel times of the particles ('data packets') along…

Numerous networks, such as transportation, distribution and delivery networks optimize their designs in order to increase efficiency and lower costs, improving the stability of its intended functions, etc. Networks that distribute goods,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-03-26 Fabricio L. Forgerini , Orahcio F. de Sousa

Transportation and distribution networks are a class of spatial networks that have been of interest in recent years. These networks are often characterized by the presence of complex structures such as central loops paired with peripheral…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-01-23 Sebastiano Bontorin , Giulia Cencetti , Riccardo Gallotti , Bruno Lepri , Manlio De Domenico

The first-passage time (FPT) is the time it takes a system variable to cross a given boundary for the first time. In the context of Markov networks, the FPT is the time a random walker takes to reach a particular node (target) by hopping…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2024-03-22 Jaroslav Albert

In this work we consider a class of recursively-grown fractal networks $G_n(t)$, whose topology is controlled by two integer parameters $t$ and $n$. We first analyse the structural properties of $G_n(t)$ (including fractal dimension,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-03-12 Junhao Peng , Elena Agliari

The regular hyperbranched polymers (RHPs), also known as Vicsek fractals, are an important family of hyperbranched structures which have attracted a wide spread attention during the past several years. In this paper, we study the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-10-26 Junhao Peng

In this paper, we reveal the relationship between entropy rate and the congestion in complex network and solve it analytically for special cases. Finding maximizing entropy rate will lead to an improvement of traffic efficiency, we propose…

Physics and Society · Physics 2017-09-15 Yuhang Fan , Hanyuan Liu , Shibo He

Previous work shows that the mean first-passage time (MFPT) for random walks to a given hub node (node with maximum degree) in uncorrelated random scale-free networks is closely related to the exponent $\gamma$ of power-law degree…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2010-11-12 Zhongzhi Zhang , Shuyang Gao , Wenlei Xie

Efficient techniques to navigate networks with local information are fundamental to sample large-scale online social systems and to retrieve resources in peer-to-peer systems. Biased random walks, i.e. walks whose motion is biased on…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-06-29 Federico Battiston , Vincenzo Nicosia , Vito Latora

In this paper, we study random walks on a small-world scale-free network, also called as pseudofractal scale-free web (PSFW), and analyze the volatilities of first passage time (FPT) and first return time (FRT) by using the variance and the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-04-21 Junhao Peng