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We address the problem of federated learning (FL) where users are distributed and partitioned into clusters. This setup captures settings where different groups of users have their own objectives (learning tasks) but by aggregating their…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-06-10 Avishek Ghosh , Jichan Chung , Dong Yin , Kannan Ramchandran

Federated learning (FL) enables distributed optimization of machine learning models while protecting privacy by independently training local models on each client and then aggregating parameters on a central server, thereby producing an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-08 Chencheng Xu , Zhiwei Hong , Minlie Huang , Tao Jiang

Federated Learning (FL) is a machine learning approach that enables the creation of shared models for powerful applications while allowing data to remain on devices. This approach provides benefits such as improved data privacy, security,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Jieming Bian , Cong Shen , Jie Xu

Data heterogeneity is a significant challenge in modern federated learning (FL) as it creates variance in local model updates, causing the aggregated global model to shift away from the true global optimum. Partial client participation in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Mrinmay Sen , Subhrajit Nag

In this paper, we consider federated learning (FL) over a noisy fading multiple access channel (MAC), where an edge server aggregates the local models transmitted by multiple end devices through over-the-air computation (AirComp). To…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-11-16 Shuhao Xia , Jingyang Zhu , Yuhan Yang , Yong Zhou , Yuanming Shi , Wei Chen

Federated Learning (FL) algorithms implicitly assume that clients passively comply with server-side orchestration by sharing local model updates upon server request. However, this overlooks an important aspect in real-world cross-silo…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 M Yashwanth , Arunabh Singh , Ashok Nayak , Sai Kiran Bulusu , Anirban Chakraborty

Federated learning (FL) is an emerging machine learning paradigm involving multiple clients, e.g., mobile phone devices, with an incentive to collaborate in solving a machine learning problem coordinated by a central server. FL was proposed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-04 Samuel Horváth

Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative model training across multiple clients while preserving data privacy. Traditional FL methods often use a global model to fit all clients, assuming that clients' data are independent and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Dario Fenoglio , Mohan Li , Pietro Barbiero , Nicholas D. Lane , Marc Langheinrich , Martin Gjoreski

Federated learning (FL) has enabled multiple data owners (a.k.a. FL clients) to train machine learning models collaboratively without revealing private data. Since the FL server can only engage a limited number of clients in each training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-21 Yuxin Shi , Zelei Liu , Zhuan Shi , Han Yu

In practical federated learning (FL), the large communication overhead between clients and the server is often a significant bottleneck. Gradient compression methods can effectively reduce this overhead, while error feedback (EF) restores…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Diying Yang , Yingwei Hou , Weigang Wu

Federated Learning (FL) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for privacy-preserving model training, yet deployments in sensitive domains such as healthcare face persistent challenges from non-IID data, client unreliability, and adversarial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Ferdinand Kahenga , Antoine Bagula , Sajal K. Das , Patrick Sello

Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative intelligence across decentralized data source devices in a privacy-preserving way. While substantial research attention has been drawn to optimizing the learning process for an individual task,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Md Sirajul Islam , Isabelle G Chapman , N I Md Ashafuddula , Xu Yuan , Li Chen , Nian-Feng Tzeng , Klara Nahrstedt

Federated Learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning paradigm that achieves a globally robust model through decentralized computation and periodic model synthesis, primarily focusing on the global model's accuracy over aggregated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Han Liang , Ziwei Zhan , Weijie Liu , Xiaoxi Zhang , Chee Wei Tan , Xu Chen

Federated learning (FL) is a distributed paradigm that coordinates massive local clients to collaboratively train a global model via stage-wise local training processes on the heterogeneous dataset. Previous works have implicitly studied…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Li Shen , Yan Sun , Dacheng Tao

Federated learning provides the ability to learn over heterogeneous user data in a distributed manner while preserving user privacy. However, its current client selection technique is a source of bias as it discriminates against slow…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-09-28 Ammar Tahir , Yongzhou Chen , Prashanti Nilayam

Federated learning (FL) is a widely employed distributed paradigm for collaboratively training machine learning models from multiple clients without sharing local data. In practice, FL encounters challenges in dealing with partial client…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Xin Liu , Wei li , Dazhi Zhan , Yu Pan , Xin Ma , Yu Ding , Zhisong Pan

Federated learning systems facilitate training of global models in settings where potentially heterogeneous data is distributed across a large number of clients. Such systems operate in settings with intermittent client availability and/or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-22 Monica Ribero , Haris Vikalo , Gustavo De Veciana

Traditional Federated Learning (FL) faces significant challenges in terms of efficiency and accuracy, particularly in heterogeneous environments where clients employ diverse model architectures and have varying computational resources. Such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Jiacheng Wang , Hongtao Lv , Lei Liu

Federated learning (FL) is a collaborative machine learning framework that requires different clients (e.g., Internet of Things devices) to participate in the machine learning model training process by training and uploading their local…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-11-30 Liangkun Yu , Xiang Sun , Rana Albelaihi , Chen Yi

Federated learning (FL) algorithms usually sample a fraction of clients in each round (partial participation) when the number of participants is large and the server's communication bandwidth is limited. Recent works on the convergence…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Bing Luo , Wenli Xiao , Shiqiang Wang , Jianwei Huang , Leandros Tassiulas
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