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In complex engineering systems, the dependencies among components or development activities are often modeled and analyzed using Design Structure Matrix (DSM). Reorganizing elements within a DSM to minimize feedback loops and enhance…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Shuo Jiang , Min Xie , Jianxi Luo

This work develops an LLM-based optimization framework ensuring strict constraint satisfaction in network optimization. While LLMs possess contextual reasoning capabilities, existing approaches often fail to enforce constraints, causing…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Youngjin Song , Wookjin Lee , Hong Ki Kim , Sang Hyun Lee

Recommender systems have traditionally followed modular architectures comprising candidate generation, multi-stage ranking, and re-ranking, each trained separately with supervised objectives and hand-engineered features. While effective in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Rahul Raja , Anshaj Vats , Arpita Vats , Anirban Majumder

The rapid evolution of Large Language Models (LLMs) has markedly expanded their application across diverse domains, transforming how complex problems are approached and solved. Initially conceived to predict subsequent words in texts, these…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Sumedh Rasal , E. J. Hauer

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown notable potential in code generation for optimization algorithms, unlocking exciting new opportunities. This paper examines how LLMs, rather than creating algorithms from scratch, can improve existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Camilo Chacón Sartori , Christian Blum

Optimization is ubiquitous. While derivative-based algorithms have been powerful tools for various problems, the absence of gradient imposes challenges on many real-world applications. In this work, we propose Optimization by PROmpting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Chengrun Yang , Xuezhi Wang , Yifeng Lu , Hanxiao Liu , Quoc V. Le , Denny Zhou , Xinyun Chen

Optimization problems are pervasive in sectors from manufacturing and distribution to healthcare. However, most such problems are still solved heuristically by hand rather than optimally by state-of-the-art solvers because the expertise…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Ali AhmadiTeshnizi , Wenzhi Gao , Herman Brunborg , Shayan Talaei , Connor Lawless , Madeleine Udell

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable performance in various natural language processing tasks but face challenges in mathematical reasoning, where complex problem-solving requires both linguistic understanding and mathematical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Shuguang Chen , Guang Lin

Mathematical reasoning and optimization are fundamental to artificial intelligence and computational problem-solving. Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly improved AI-driven mathematical reasoning, theorem…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Ali Forootani

We investigate the capabilities and scalability of Large Language Models (LLMs) in optimization modeling, a domain requiring structured reasoning and precise formulation. To this end, we introduce OPT-ENGINE, an extensible benchmark…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Yitian Chen , Cheng Cheng , Yinan Sun , Zi Ling , Dongdong Ge

Streamlining constraints (or streamliners, for short) narrow the search space, enhancing the speed and feasibility of solving complex constraint satisfaction problems. Traditionally, streamliners were crafted manually or generated through…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Florentina Voboril , Vaidyanathan Peruvemba Ramaswamy , Stefan Szeider

Prompt engineering has emerged as an indispensable technique for extending the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) and vision-language models (VLMs). This approach leverages task-specific instructions, known as prompts, to enhance…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Pranab Sahoo , Ayush Kumar Singh , Sriparna Saha , Vinija Jain , Samrat Mondal , Aman Chadha

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated great performance in few-shot In-Context Learning (ICL) for a variety of generative and discriminative chemical design tasks. The newly expanded context windows of LLMs can further improve ICL…

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to convert natural language descriptions into mathematical optimization formulations. Current evaluations often treat formulations as a whole, relying on coarse metrics like solution…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Dania Refai , Moataz Ahmed

Recent research explores optimization using large language models (LLMs) by either iteratively seeking next-step solutions from LLMs or directly prompting LLMs for an optimizer. However, these approaches exhibit inherent limitations,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-03-06 Zeyuan Ma , Hongshu Guo , Jiacheng Chen , Guojun Peng , Zhiguang Cao , Yining Ma , Yue-Jiao Gong

Molecular design involves an enormous and irregular search space, where traditional optimizers such as Bayesian optimization, genetic algorithms, and generative models struggle to leverage expert knowledge or handle complex feedback.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Nian Ran , Yue Wang , Xiaoyuan Zhang , Zhongzheng Li , Qingsong Ran , Wenhao Li , Richard Allmendinger

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have opened new perspectives for automation in optimization. While several studies have explored how LLMs can generate or solve optimization models, far less is understood about what these…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Francesca Da Ros , Luca Di Gaspero , Kevin Roitero

Recent advances have shown that optimizing prompts for Large Language Models (LLMs) can significantly improve task performance, yet many optimization techniques rely on heuristics or manual exploration. We present LatentPrompt, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Mateusz Bystroński , Grzegorz Piotrowski , Nitesh V. Chawla , Tomasz Kajdanowicz

Large Language Models (LLMs) are the cornerstone in automating Requirements Engineering (RE) tasks, underpinning recent advancements in the field. Their pre-trained comprehension of natural language is pivotal for effectively tailoring them…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-05-16 Andreas Vogelsang , Jannik Fischbach

Recent advances in reasoning with large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong performance on complex mathematical tasks, including combinatorial optimization. Techniques such as Chain-of-Thought and In-Context Learning have…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Marylou Fauchard , Florian Carichon , Margarida Carvalho , Golnoosh Farnadi