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Precise robot manipulation is critical for fine-grained applications such as chemical and biological experiments, where even small errors (e.g., reagent spillage) can invalidate an entire task. Existing approaches often rely on…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Xiangyu Chen , Chuhao Zhou , Yuxi Liu , Jianfei Yang

Vision-Language-Action models (VLA) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities and promising potential in solving complex robotic manipulation tasks. However, their substantial parameter sizes and high inference latency pose significant…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Yuxuan Chen , Xiao Li

Despite the recent advancements of vision-language-action (VLA) models on a variety of robotics tasks, they suffer from critical issues such as poor generalizability to unseen tasks, due to their reliance on behavior cloning exclusively…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Zijian Zhang , Kaiyuan Zheng , Zhaorun Chen , Joel Jang , Yi Li , Siwei Han , Chaoqi Wang , Mingyu Ding , Dieter Fox , Huaxiu Yao

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have shown great potential in general robotic decision-making tasks via imitation learning. However, the variable quality of training data often constrains the performance of these models. On the other…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Hongyin Zhang , Zifeng Zhuang , Han Zhao , Pengxiang Ding , Hongchao Lu , Donglin Wang

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have rapidly advanced embodied intelligence, enabling robots to execute complex, instruction-driven tasks. However, as model capacity and visual context length grow, the inference cost of VLA systems…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Jintao Cheng , Haozhe Wang , Weibin Li , Gang Wang , Yipu Zhang , Xiaoyu Tang , Jin Wu , Xieyuanli Chen , Yunhui Liu , Wei Zhang

Recent progress in Reinforcement Learning (RL) provides a principled approach to optimizing Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models, facilitating a shift from trajectory imitation to active learning in the task environment. Despite improvements…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Sixu Lin , Yunpeng Qing , Litao Liu , Ming Zhou , Ruixing Jin , Xiaoyi Fan , Guiliang Liu

The safe application of reinforcement learning (RL) requires generalization from limited training data to unseen scenarios. Yet, fulfilling tasks under changing circumstances is a key challenge in RL. Current state-of-the-art approaches for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-06 Philipp Altmann , Fabian Ritz , Leonard Feuchtinger , Jonas Nüßlein , Claudia Linnhoff-Popien , Thomy Phan

Achieving generalizability in solving out-of-distribution tasks is one of the ultimate goals of learning robotic manipulation. Recent progress of Vision-Language Models (VLMs) has shown that VLM-based task planners can alleviate the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Zeren Chen , Zhelun Shi , Xiaoya Lu , Lehan He , Sucheng Qian , Zhenfei Yin , Wanli Ouyang , Jing Shao , Yu Qiao , Cewu Lu , Lu Sheng

Large foundation models have shown strong open-world generalization to complex problems in vision and language, but similar levels of generalization have yet to be achieved in robotics. One fundamental challenge is the lack of robotic data,…

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models enable embodied decision-making but rely heavily on imitation learning, leading to compounding errors and poor robustness under distribution shift. Reinforcement learning (RL) can mitigate these issues…

Visual pre-training with large-scale real-world data has made great progress in recent years, showing great potential in robot learning with pixel observations. However, the recipes of visual pre-training for robot manipulation tasks are…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Ya Jing , Xuelin Zhu , Xingbin Liu , Qie Sima , Taozheng Yang , Yunhai Feng , Tao Kong

Vision-Language-Action models (VLAs) hold immense promise for enabling generalist robot manipulation. However, the best way to build them remains an open question. Current approaches often add complexity, such as modifying the existing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Ankit Goyal , Hugo Hadfield , Xuning Yang , Valts Blukis , Fabio Ramos

Given the high cost of collecting robotic data in the real world, sample efficiency is a consistently compelling pursuit in robotics. In this paper, we introduce SGRv2, an imitation learning framework that enhances sample efficiency through…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Tong Zhang , Yingdong Hu , Jiacheng You , Yang Gao

Current Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models predominantly rely on end-to-end fine-tuning. While effective, this paradigm compromises the inherent generalization capabilities of Vision-Language Models (VLMs) and incurs catastrophic…

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have recently advanced robotic manipulation by translating natural-language instructions and visual observations into control actions. However, existing VLAs are primarily trained on successful expert…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Zewei Ye , Weifeng Lu , Minghao Ye , Tao Lin , Shuo Yang , Junchi Yan , Bo Zhao

Generative pre-trained models have demonstrated remarkable effectiveness in language and vision domains by learning useful representations. In this paper, we extend the scope of this effectiveness by showing that visual robot manipulation…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-12-22 Hongtao Wu , Ya Jing , Chilam Cheang , Guangzeng Chen , Jiafeng Xu , Xinghang Li , Minghuan Liu , Hang Li , Tao Kong

Vision language action models (VLAs) are increasingly used for Physical AI, but deploying a pre-trained VLA model to unseen environments, embodiments, or tasks still requires adaptation. Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT), especially…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Donghoon Kim , Minji Bae , Unghui Nam , Gyeonghun Kim , Suyun Lee , Kyuhong Shim , Byonghyo Shim

Training robust bimanual manipulation policies via imitation learning requires demonstration data with broad coverage over robot poses, contacts, and scene contexts. However, collecting diverse and precise real-world demonstrations is…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Jason Chen , I-Chun Arthur Liu , Gaurav Sukhatme , Daniel Seita

In this work, we introduce HoloBrain-0, a comprehensive Vision-Language-Action (VLA) framework that bridges the gap between foundation model research and reliable real-world robot deployment. The core of our system is a novel VLA…

The performance of robotic imitation learning is fundamentally limited by data quality and training strategies. Prevalent sampling strategies on RLBench suffer from severe keyframe redundancy and imbalanced temporal distribution, leading to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Fanqi Pu , Lei Jiang , Wenming Yang