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Determining the equation of state of matter at nuclear density and hence the structure of neutron stars has been a riddle for decades. We show how the imminent detection of gravitational waves from merging neutron star binaries can be used…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-09-05 Kentaro Takami , Luciano Rezzolla , Luca Baiotti

We construct constant rest-mass sequences of equilibrium models of differentially rotating neutron stars which resemble binary neutron star post-merger remnants. For a more realistic description of the post-merger remnant, we impose that…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-03-03 Georgios Lioutas , Panagiotis Iosif , Andreas Bauswein , Nikolaos Stergioulas

The gravitational wave signal from an inspiralling binary neutron star system will contain detailed information about tidal coupling in the system, and thus, about the internal physics of the neutron stars. To extract this information will…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-05-12 Justin Vines , Tanja Hinderer , Éanna É. Flanagan

Gravitational wave observations can potentially measure properties of neutron star equations of state by measuring departures from the point-particle limit of the gravitational waveform produced in the late inspiral of a neutron star…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-10-19 Charalampos Markakis , Jocelyn S. Read , Masaru Shibata , Koji Uryu , Jolien D. E. Creighton , John L. Friedman , Benjamin D. Lackey

One of the greatest theoretical challenges in the build-up to the era of second-generation gravitational-wave detectors is the modeling of generic binary waveforms. We introduce an approximation that has the potential to significantly…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-03-12 Patricia Schmidt , Mark Hannam , Sascha Husa

We study the effect of resonant tidal excitation of inertial modes in neutron stars during binary inspiral. For spin frequencies less than 100 Hz, the phase shift in the gravitational waveform associated with the resonance is small and does…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Dong Lai , Yanqin Wu

Modelled searches for gravitational waves emitted by compact binary coalescences currently filter the data with template signals that ignore all effects related to the physics of dense-matter in neutron stars interiors, even when the masses…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-09-30 Lorenzo Piccari , Francesco Pannarale

The gravitational waveform of a merging stellar-mass binary is described at leading order by a quadrupolar mode. However, the complete waveform includes higher-order modes, which encode valuable information not accessible from the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-12-25 Ethan Payne , Colm Talbot , Eric Thrane

Recent advances in the description of compact binary systems have produced gravitational waveforms that include inspiral, merger and ring-down phases. Comparing results from numerical simulations with those of post-Newtonian (PN), and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-13 Chad Hanna , Miguel Megevand , Evan Ochsner , Carlos Palenzuela

Gravitational waves emitted during the coalescence of binary neutron star systems carry information about the equation of state describing the extremely dense matter inside neutron stars. In particular, the equation of state determines the…

Information about the last stages of a binary neutron star inspiral and the final merger can be extracted from quasi-equilibrium configurations and dynamical evolutions. In this article, we construct quasi-equilibrium configurations for…

In coalescing neutron star binaries, r-modes in one of the stars can be resonantly excited by the gravitomagnetic tidal field of its companion. This post-Newtonian gravitomagnetic driving of these modes dominates over the Newtonian tidal…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Éanna É. Flanagan , Étienne Racine

Gravitational waves from binary neutron stars in quasiequilibrium circular orbits are computed using an approximate method which we propose in this paper. In the first step of this method, we prepare general relativistic irrotational binary…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-07 Masaru Shibata , Koji Uryu

Several theoretical waveform models have been developed over the years to capture the gravitational wave emission from the dynamical evolution of compact binary systems of neutron stars and black holes. As ground-based detectors improve…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-10-02 Lalit Pathak , Amit Reza , Anand S. Sengupta

Gravitational waves from comparable-mass binary-black-hole mergers are often described in terms of three stages: inspiral, merger and ringdown. Post-Newtonian and black-hole perturbation theories are used to model the inspiral and ringdown…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-11-14 Nur E. M. Rifat , David A. Nichols , Kent Yagi

Mergers of binary neutron stars (BNSs) emit signals in both the gravitational-wave (GW) and electromagnetic (EM) spectra. Famously, the 2017 multi-messenger observation of GW170817 led to scientific discoveries across cosmology, nuclear…

Accurate information from gravitational wave signals from coalescing binary neutron stars provides essential input to downstream interpretations, including inference of the neutron star population and equation of state. However, even…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-04-26 A. B. Yelikar , R. O' Shaughnessy , J. Lange , A. Z. Jan

Gravitational waves emitted by coalescing binary systems containing neutron stars (or other compact objects) carry signatures of the stars' internal equation of state, notably, through the influence of tidal deformations during the binary's…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-03-11 Batoul Banihashemi , Justin Vines

The constancy of the gravitational constant $G$ is a cornerstone of the strong equivalence principle and of general relativity, yet its possible temporal variation remains a key target in tests of fundamental physics. Gravitational-wave…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-27 Jie Zhu , Hanlin Song , Zhenwei Lyu , Hao Li , Peixiang Ji , Jun-Chen Wang , Haobo Yan , Bo-Qiang Ma

We have succeeded in obtaining exact configurations of irrotational binary systems for compressible (polytropic) equations of state. Our models correspond to binaries of equal mass neutron star systems in the viscosity free limit. By using…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 Koji Uryu , Yoshiharu Eriguchi