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While fusion reactors known as tokamaks hold promise as a firm energy source, advances in plasma control, and handling of events where control of plasmas is lost, are needed for them to be economical. A significant bottleneck towards…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2023-11-01 Allen M. Wang , Darren T. Garnier , Cristina Rea

Lightweight inference is critical for biomolecular structure prediction and downstream tasks, enabling efficient real-world deployment and inference-time scaling for large-scale applications. While AF3 and its variants (e.g., Protenix,…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-10-17 Bo Qiang , Chengyue Gong , Xinshi Chen , Yuxuan Zhang , Wenzhi Xiao

Current generative models, such as autoregressive and diffusion approaches, decompose high-dimensional data distribution learning into a series of simpler subtasks. However, inherent conflicts arise during the joint optimization of these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Ruixiao Dong , Mengde Xu , Zigang Geng , Li Li , Han Hu , Shuyang Gu

Accurate and efficient modeling of soft-tissue interactions is fundamental for advancing surgical simulation, surgical robotics, and model-based surgical automation. To achieve real-time latency, classical Finite Element Method (FEM)…

We introduce MVPinn, a Physics-Informed Neural Network (PINN) approach tailored for solving the Milne-Eddington (ME) inversion problem, specifically applied to spectropolarimetric observations from the Big Bear Solar Observatory's…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-15 Qin Li , Bo Shen , Haodi Jiang , Vasyl B. Yurchyshyn , Taylor Baildon , Kangwoo Yi , Wenda Cao , Haimin Wang

The confinement of energetic particles (EPs) generated by fusion reactions and external heating methods is crucial for the performance of future fusion devices. However, EP transport can occur due to their interaction with electromagnetic…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2023-06-16 V. -A. Popa , Ph. Lauber , T. Hayward-Schneider , M. Schneider , O. Hoenen , S. Pinches

The integration of machine learning techniques into Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) simulations has emerged as a powerful approach for enhancing computational efficiency. By replacing the costly Non-Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium (NLTE)…

Multiscale problems are ubiquitous in physics. Numerical simulations of such problems by solving partial differential equations (PDEs) at high resolution are computationally too expensive for many-query scenarios, such as uncertainty…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-02-03 Hamidreza Eivazi , Jendrik-Alexander Tröger , Stefan Wittek , Stefan Hartmann , Andreas Rausch

Magnetic particle imaging reconstructs tracer distributions using a system matrix obtained through time-consuming, noise-prone calibration measurements. Methods for addressing imperfections in measured system matrices increasingly rely on…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-20 Artyom Tsanda , Sarah Reiss , Konrad Scheffler , Marija Boberg , Tobias Knopp

Medical image restoration (MedIR) aims to recover high-quality medical images from their low-quality counterparts. Recent advancements in MedIR have focused on All-in-One models capable of simultaneously addressing multiple different MedIR…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Zhiwen Yang , Jiaju Zhang , Yang Yi , Jian Liang , Bingzheng Wei , Yan Xu

Motivation: Cellular Electron CryoTomography (CECT) is an emerging 3D imaging technique that visualizes subcellular organization of single cells at submolecular resolution and in near-native state. CECT captures large numbers of…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2018-05-16 Yixiu Zhao , Xiangrui Zeng , Qiang Guo , Min Xu

Existing vision tokenization isolates the optimization of vision tokenizers from downstream training, implicitly assuming the visual tokens can generalize well across various tasks, e.g., image generation and visual question answering. The…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Wenxuan Wang , Fan Zhang , Yufeng Cui , Haiwen Diao , Zhuoyan Luo , Huchuan Lu , Jing Liu , Xinlong Wang

Solving inverse problems in dynamical systems governed by high-dimensional coupled ordinary differential equations (ODEs) is a ubiquitous challenge in scientific machine learning. In many real-world applications, researchers seek to uncover…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Zhao Wei , Kenneth Hor Cheng Koh , Sheng Yuan Chin , James Chun Yip Chan , Chin Chun Ooi , Yew-Soon Ong

This work presents Neural Equivariant Interatomic Potentials (NequIP), an E(3)-equivariant neural network approach for learning interatomic potentials from ab-initio calculations for molecular dynamics simulations. While most contemporary…

Exemplar-Free Class Incremental Learning (EFCIL) aims to learn from a sequence of tasks without having access to previous task data. In this paper, we consider the challenging Cold Start scenario in which insufficient data is available in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Simone Magistri , Tomaso Trinci , Albin Soutif-Cormerais , Joost van de Weijer , Andrew D. Bagdanov

The spatio-temporal evolution of the energetic particles in the transport time scale in tokamak plasmas is a key issue of the plasmas confinement, especially in burning plasmas. In order to include sources and sinks and collisional slowing…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2024-05-20 Guo Meng , Philipp Lauber , Zhixin Lu , Andreas Bergmann , Mirelle Schneider

There is a need for fast adaptation in spike sorting algorithms to implement brain-machine interface (BMIs) in different applications. Learning and adapting the functionality of the sorting process in real-time can significantly improve the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-08 Tao Fang , Majid Zamani

Deep learning algorithms provide a new paradigm to study high-dimensional dynamical behaviors, such as those in fusion plasma systems. Development of novel model reduction methods, coupled with detection of abnormal modes with plasma…

Computational Physics · Physics 2024-04-29 Zhe Bai , Xishuo Wei , William Tang , Leonid Oliker , Zhihong Lin , Samuel Williams

The emergence and dynamics of filamentary structures associated with edge-localized modes (ELMs) inside tokamak plasmas during high-confinement mode is regularly studied using Electron Cyclotron Emission Imaging (ECEI) diagnostic systems.…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2022-04-05 Cooper Jacobus , Minjun J. Choi , Ralph Kube

The emergence of deep learning techniques has advanced the image segmentation task, especially for medical images. Many neural network models have been introduced in the last decade bringing the automated segmentation accuracy close to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-11 Ngoc-Du Tran , Thi-Thao Tran , Quang-Huy Nguyen , Manh-Hung Vu , Van-Truong Pham