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We design a predictive layer for structured-output prediction (SOP) that can be plugged into any neural network guaranteeing its predictions are consistent with a set of predefined symbolic constraints. Our Semantic Probabilistic Layer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-02 Kareem Ahmed , Stefano Teso , Kai-Wei Chang , Guy Van den Broeck , Antonio Vergari

Stochastic constraints, which incorporate both deterministic parameters and random variables, extend classical deterministic constraints by explicitly accounting for uncertainty. These constraints are increasingly prevalent in data science,…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Xiakun Li , Hao Wu , Bican Xia , Tengshun Yang , Naijun Zhan

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) is well-suited for runtime decision-making in optimizing the performance of systems where multiple agents coexist and compete for shared resources. However, applying common deep learning-based MARL…

Numerous neuro-symbolic approaches have recently been proposed typically with the goal of adding symbolic knowledge to the output layer of a neural network. Ideally, such losses maximize the probability that the neural network's predictions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-01 Kareem Ahmed , Kai-Wei Chang , Guy Van den Broeck

The problem of probabilistic verification of a neural network investigates the probability of satisfying the safe constraints in the output space when the input is given by a probability distribution. It is significant to answer this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Jingyang Li , Xin Chen , Hongfei Fu , Guoqiang Li

This paper provides a local convergence analysis of the proximal augmented Lagrangian method (PALM) applied to a class of non-convex conic programming problems. Previous convergence results for PALM typically imposed assumptions such as…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-09-16 Ning Zhang , Yi Zhang

Simulation and modeling are essential in product development, integrated into the design and manufacturing process to enhance efficiency and quality. They are typically represented as complex nonlinear differential algebraic equations. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Wenqiang Yang , Wenyuan Wu , Yong Feng , Changbo Chen

In this paper we present complexity certification results for a distributed Augmented Lagrangian (AL) algorithm used to solve convex optimization problems involving globally coupled linear constraints. Our method relies on the Accelerated…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-01-16 Soomin Lee , Nikolaos Chatzipanagiotis , Michael M. Zavlanos

Models of sensory processing and learning in the cortex need to efficiently assign credit to synapses in all areas. In deep learning, a known solution is error backpropagation, which however requires biologically implausible weight…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2024-02-05 Kevin Max , Laura Kriener , Garibaldi Pineda García , Thomas Nowotny , Ismael Jaras , Walter Senn , Mihai A. Petrovici

Constructing datasets representative of the target domain is essential for training effective machine learning models. Active learning (AL) is a promising method that iteratively extends training data to enhance model performance while…

We present a machine learning framework capable of consistently inferring mathematical expressions of hyperelastic energy functionals for incompressible materials from sparse experimental data and physical laws. To achieve this goal, we…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Bahador Bahmani , WaiChing Sun

We propose a new class of probabilistic neural-symbolic models, that have symbolic functional programs as a latent, stochastic variable. Instantiated in the context of visual question answering, our probabilistic formulation offers two key…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-01 Ramakrishna Vedantam , Karan Desai , Stefan Lee , Marcus Rohrbach , Dhruv Batra , Devi Parikh

The goal of combining the robustness of neural networks and the expressivity of symbolic methods has rekindled the interest in neuro-symbolic AI. Recent advancements in neuro-symbolic AI often consider specifically-tailored architectures…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-11-24 Arseny Skryagin , Wolfgang Stammer , Daniel Ochs , Devendra Singh Dhami , Kristian Kersting

Recent breakthroughs in semi-supervised semantic segmentation have been developed through contrastive learning. In prevalent pixel-wise contrastive learning solutions, the model maps pixels to deterministic representations and regularizes…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-19 Haoyu Xie , Changqi Wang , Mingkai Zheng , Minjing Dong , Shan You , Chong Fu , Chang Xu

Optimization problems over discrete or quantized variables are very challenging in general due to the combinatorial nature of their search space. Piecewise-affine regularization (PAR) provides a flexible modeling and computational framework…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Jianhao Ma , Lin Xiao

We develop a theoretical framework that explains how discrete symbolic structures can emerge naturally from continuous neural network training dynamics. By lifting neural parameters to a measure space and modeling training as Wasserstein…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Peihao Wang , Zhangyang Wang

The complexity and approximability of the constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) has been actively studied over the last 20 years. A new version of the CSP, the promise CSP (PCSP) has recently been proposed, motivated by open questions about…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2021-07-19 Libor Barto , Jakub Bulín , Andrei Krokhin , Jakub Opršal

We present dPASP, a novel declarative probabilistic logic programming framework for differentiable neuro-symbolic reasoning. The framework allows for the specification of discrete probabilistic models with neural predicates, logic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Renato Lui Geh , Jonas Gonçalves , Igor Cataneo Silveira , Denis Deratani Mauá , Fabio Gagliardi Cozman

Neuro-symbolic systems combine the abilities of neural perception and logical reasoning. However, end-to-end learning of neuro-symbolic systems is still an unsolved challenge. This paper proposes a natural framework that fuses neural…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Zenan Li , Yunpeng Huang , Zhaoyu Li , Yuan Yao , Jingwei Xu , Taolue Chen , Xiaoxing Ma , Jian Lu

In spite of the rapidly increasing number of applications of machine learning in various domains, a principled and systematic approach to the incorporation of domain knowledge in the engineering process is still lacking and ad hoc solutions…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-07-29 Mark-Oliver Stehr , Minyoung Kim , Carolyn L. Talcott , Merrill Knapp , Akos Vertes
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