Related papers: Iterative Hypothesis Generation for Scientific Dis…

We study Monte Carlo tree search (MCTS) in zero-sum extensive-form games with perfect information and simultaneous moves. We present a general template of MCTS algorithms for these games, which can be instantiated by various selection…

Much current research in AI and games is being devoted to Monte Carlo search (MCS) algorithms. While the quest for a single unified MCS algorithm that would perform well on all problems is of major interest for AI, practitioners often know…

Algorithm design and analysis is a cornerstone of computer science, but it confronts a major challenge. Proving an algorithm's performance guarantee across all inputs has traditionally required extensive and often error-prone human effort.…

Automatic Heuristic Design (AHD) is an effective framework for solving complex optimization problems. The development of large language models (LLMs) enables the automated generation of heuristics. Existing LLM-based evolutionary methods…

PRISM-MCTS: Learning from Reasoning Trajectories with Metacognitive Reflection Siyuan Cheng, Bozhong Tian, Yanchao Hao, Zheng Wei Published: 06 Apr 2026, Last Modified: 06 Apr 2026 ACL 2026 Findings Conference, Area Chairs, Reviewers,…

Retrieval augmented generation mitigates limitations of large language models in factual consistency and knowledge updating by introducing external knowledge. However, practical applications still suffer from semantic misalignment between…

Monte-Carlo planning and Reinforcement Learning (RL) are essential to sequential decision making. The recent AlphaGo and AlphaZero algorithms have shown how to successfully combine these two paradigms in order to solve large scale…

Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) is a sampling best-first method to search for optimal decisions. The success of MCTS depends heavily on how the tree is built and the selection process plays a fundamental role in this. One particular…

Active Inference, grounded in the Free Energy Principle, provides a powerful lens for understanding how agents balance exploration and goal-directed behavior in uncertain environments. Here, we propose a new planning framework, that…

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) substantially extends the knowledge boundary of large language models. However, it still faces two major challenges when handling complex reasoning tasks: low context utilization and frequent…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown great potential in the biomedical domain with the advancement of retrieval-augmented generation (RAG). However, existing retrieval-augmented approaches face challenges in addressing diverse queries…

Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable advancements in Natural Language Processing (NLP). However, generating high-quality text that balances coherence, diversity, and relevance remains challenging. Traditional…

This paper introduces the Constrained Monte Carlo Tree Search (CMCTS) framework to enhance the mathematical reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLM). By incorporating a constrained action space, Process Reward Model (PRM), and…

The estimation of repeatedly nested expectations is a challenging task that arises in many real-world systems. However, existing methods generally suffer from high computational costs when the number of nestings becomes large. Fix any…

Natural language explanations (NLEs) are vital for elucidating the reasoning behind large language model (LLM) decisions. Many techniques have been developed to generate NLEs using LLMs. However, like humans, LLMs might not always produce…

Modern scientific discovery is bottlenecked not by data scarcity, but by the inability to synthesize fragmented knowledge into actionable hypotheses. This challenge is especially acute in battery materials research, where electrochemical…

With current state-of-the-art approaches aimed at enhancing the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models(LLMs) through iterative preference learning inspired by AlphaZero, we propose to further enhance the step-wise reasoning…

Database Management Systems (DBMSs) are fundamental infrastructure for modern data-driven applications, where thorough testing with high-quality SQL test cases is essential for ensuring system reliability. Traditional approaches such as…

Organizations are increasingly focused on leveraging data from their processes to gain insights and drive decision-making. However, converting this data into actionable knowledge remains a difficult and time-consuming task. There is often a…

Standard approaches for global optimization of non-convex functions, such as branch-and-bound, maintain partition trees to systematically prune the domain. The tree size grows exponentially in the number of dimensions. We propose new…