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Federated fine-tuning offers a promising approach for tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) on edge devices while preserving data privacy. However, fine-tuning these models on edge devices remains challenging due to high memory,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Mohamed Aboelenien Ahmed , Kilian Pfeiffer , Ramin Khalili , Heba Khdr , Jörg Henkel

Modern mobile devices, although resourceful, cannot train state-of-the-art machine learning models without the assistance of servers, which require access to, potentially, privacy-sensitive user data. Split learning has recently emerged as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-01 Kamalesh Palanisamy , Vivek Khimani , Moin Hussain Moti , Dimitris Chatzopoulos

Federated learning (FL) provides a privacy-preserving solution for fine-tuning pre-trained large language models (LLMs) using distributed private datasets, enabling task-specific adaptation while preserving data privacy. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Na Yan , Yang Su , Yansha Deng , Robert Schober

Private data holds promise for improving LLMs due to its high quality, but its scattered distribution across data silos and the high computational demands of LLMs limit their deployment in federated environments. To address this, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Zishuai Zhang , Hainan zhang , Weihua Li , Qinnan zhang , jin Dong , Yongxin Tong , Zhiming Zheng

Large models (LMs) have immense potential in Internet of Things (IoT) systems, enabling applications such as intelligent voice assistants, predictive maintenance, and healthcare monitoring. However, training LMs on edge servers raises data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-30 Zuguang Li , Wen Wu , Shaohua Wu , Qiaohua Lin , Yaping Sun , Hui Wang

Federated learning (FL) provides a distributed learning framework for multiple participants to collaborate learning without sharing raw data. In many practical FL scenarios, participants have heterogeneous resources due to disparities in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-21 Junyuan Hong , Haotao Wang , Zhangyang Wang , Jiayu Zhou

The development of artificial intelligence (AI) provides opportunities for the promotion of deep neural network (DNN)-based applications. However, the large amount of parameters and computational complexity of DNN makes it difficult to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Ce Xu , Jinxuan Li , Yuan Liu , Yushi Ling , Miaowen Wen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities across various tasks, but fine-tuning them for domain-specific applications often requires substantial domain-specific data that may be distributed across multiple…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Lei Wang , Jieming Bian , Letian Zhang , Jie Xu

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly powering web-based applications, whose effectiveness relies on fine-tuning with large-scale instruction data. However, such data often contains valuable or sensitive information that limits its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Yicheng Zhang , Zhen Qin , Zhaomin Wu , Jian Hou , Shuiguang Deng

Large language models (LLMs) show amazing performance on many domain-specific tasks after fine-tuning with some appropriate data. However, many domain-specific data are privately distributed across multiple owners. Thus, this dilemma raises…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-26 Feijie Wu , Zitao Li , Yaliang Li , Bolin Ding , Jing Gao

Large language models (LLMs) have been a disruptive innovation in recent years, and they play a crucial role in our daily lives due to their ability to understand and generate human-like text. Their capabilities include natural language…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Akrit Mudvari , Yuang Jiang , Leandros Tassiulas

Split Learning (SL) recently emerged as an efficient paradigm for distributed Machine Learning (ML) suitable for the Internet Of Things (IoT)-Cloud systems. However, deploying SL on resource-constrained edge IoT platforms poses a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Romina Soledad Molina , Vukan Ninkovic , Dejan Vukobratovic , Maria Liz Crespo , Marco Zennaro

Large pre-trained models have exhibited remarkable achievements across various domains. The substantial training costs associated with these models have led to wide studies of fine-tuning for effectively harnessing their capabilities in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Linxiao Cao , Yifei Zhu , Wei Gong

Edge AI has been recently proposed to facilitate the training and deployment of Deep Neural Network (DNN) models in proximity to the sources of data. To enable the training of large models on resource-constraint edge devices and protect…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Mingjin Zhang , Jiannong Cao , Yuvraj Sahni , Xiangchun Chen , Shan Jiang

Federated learning (FL) is an emerging machine learning paradigm in which a central server coordinates multiple participants (clients) collaboratively to train on decentralized data. In practice, FL often faces statistical, system, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Liping Yi , Han Yu , Gang Wang , Xiaoguang Liu , Xiaoxiao Li

Federated split learning (FedSL) has emerged as a promising paradigm for enabling collaborative intelligence in industrial Internet of Things (IoT) systems, particularly in smart factories where data privacy, communication efficiency, and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Wanli Ni , Hui Tian , Shuai Wang , Chengyang Li , Lei Sun , Zhaohui Yang

Foundation models (FMs) adapt well to specific domains or tasks with fine-tuning, and federated learning (FL) enables the potential for privacy-preserving fine-tuning of the FMs with on-device local data. For federated fine-tuning of FMs,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Yae Jee Cho , Luyang Liu , Zheng Xu , Aldi Fahrezi , Gauri Joshi

Distributed deep learning frameworks like federated learning (FL) and its variants are enabling personalized experiences across a wide range of web clients and mobile/IoT devices. However, FL-based frameworks are constrained by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-06 Ayush Chopra , Surya Kant Sahu , Abhishek Singh , Abhinav Java , Praneeth Vepakomma , Vivek Sharma , Ramesh Raskar

The increasingly deeper neural networks hinder the democratization of privacy-enhancing distributed learning, such as federated learning (FL), to resource-constrained devices. To overcome this challenge, in this paper, we advocate the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-25 Zheng Lin , Guangyu Zhu , Yiqin Deng , Xianhao Chen , Yue Gao , Kaibin Huang , Yuguang Fang

Federated fine-tuning (FedFT) provides an effective paradigm for fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) in privacy-sensitive scenarios. However, practical deployment remains challenging due to the limited resources on end devices.…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Rukuo Li , Jianchun Liu , Hongli Xu , Liusheng Huang