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Reinforcement learning with sparse rewards is still an open challenge. Classic methods rely on getting feedback via extrinsic rewards to train the agent, and in situations where this occurs very rarely the agent learns slowly or cannot…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-04 Simone Parisi , Davide Tateo , Maximilian Hensel , Carlo D'Eramo , Jan Peters , Joni Pajarinen

Combinatorial optimization is one of the fundamental research fields that has been extensively studied in theoretical computer science and operations research. When developing an algorithm for combinatorial optimization, it is commonly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Yuko Kuroki , Junya Honda , Masashi Sugiyama

Reinforcement learning has shown great potential in generalizing over raw sensory data using only a single neural network for value optimization. There are several challenges in the current state-of-the-art reinforcement learning algorithms…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-04 Per-Arne Andersen , Morten Goodwin , Ole-Christoffer Granmo

Learning from diverse offline datasets is a promising path towards learning general purpose robotic agents. However, a core challenge in this paradigm lies in collecting large amounts of meaningful data, while not depending on a human in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-04-27 Annie S. Chen , HyunJi Nam , Suraj Nair , Chelsea Finn

Collaborative filtering is widely used in modern recommender systems. Recent research shows that variational autoencoders (VAEs) yield state-of-the-art performance by integrating flexible representations from deep neural networks into…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-11 Sam Lobel , Chunyuan Li , Jianfeng Gao , Lawrence Carin

Efficient exploration for an agent is challenging in reinforcement learning (RL). In this paper, a novel actor-critic framework namely virtual action actor-critic (VAAC), is proposed to address the challenge of efficient exploration in RL.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Bumgeun Park , Taeyoung Kim , Quoc-Vinh Lai-Dang , Dongsoo Har

Soft Actor-Critic (SAC) has achieved notable success in continuous control tasks but struggles in sparse reward settings, where infrequent rewards make efficient exploration challenging. While novelty-based exploration methods address this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Shih-Min Yang , Martin Magnusson , Johannes A. Stork , Todor Stoyanov

Balancing exploration and exploitation is a fundamental part of reinforcement learning, yet most state-of-the-art algorithms use a naive exploration protocol like $\epsilon$-greedy. This contributes to the problem of high sample complexity,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-21 Tom Blau , Lionel Ott , Fabio Ramos

Reinforcement learning (RL) for continuous control under delayed rewards is an under-explored problem despite its significance in real-world applications. Many complex skills are based on intermediate ones as prerequisites. For instance, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Bahareh Tasdighi , Manuel Haussmann , Nicklas Werge , Yi-Shan Wu , Melih Kandemir

The Centralized Training with Decentralized Execution (CTDE) paradigm is widely used in cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning. However, conventional methods based on CTDE can suffer from value underestimation and converge to…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Ruoning Zhang , Siying Wang , Wenyu Chen , Yang Zhou , Zhitong Zhao , Zixuan Zhang , Ruijie Zhang , Stefano V. Albrecht

Scalable and effective exploration remains a key challenge in reinforcement learning (RL). While there are methods with optimality guarantees in the setting of discrete state and action spaces, these methods cannot be applied in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-01-30 Rein Houthooft , Xi Chen , Yan Duan , John Schulman , Filip De Turck , Pieter Abbeel

In this paper, we study utilizing neural networks for the exploitation and exploration of contextual multi-armed bandits. Contextual multi-armed bandits have been studied for decades with various applications. To solve the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Yikun Ban , Yuchen Yan , Arindam Banerjee , Jingrui He

The class of deep deterministic off-policy algorithms is effectively applied to solve challenging continuous control problems. Current approaches commonly utilize random noise as an exploration method, which has several drawbacks, including…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Igor Kuznetsov

This paper presents a framework for efficiently learning feature selection policies which use less features to reach a high classification precision on large unstructured data. It uses a Deep Convolutional Autoencoder (DCAE) for learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-23 Johan S. Obando-Ceron , Victor Romero Cano , Walter Mayor Toro

In order to assess the risks of a network system, it is important to investigate the behaviors of attackers after successful exploitation, which is called post-exploitation. Although there are various efficient tools supporting…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-28 Van-Hau Pham , Hien Do Hoang , Phan Thanh Trung , Van Dinh Quoc , Trong-Nghia To , Phan The Duy

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) faces significant challenges in addressing the hard-exploration problems in tasks with sparse or deceptive rewards and large state spaces. These challenges severely limit the practical application of DRL.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-03 Guojian Wang , Faguo Wu , Xiao Zhang , Ning Guo , Zhiming Zheng

Replaying data is a principal mechanism underlying the stability and data efficiency of off-policy reinforcement learning (RL). We present an effective yet simple framework to extend the use of replays across multiple experiments, minimally…

Current evaluation frameworks for foundation models rely heavily on static, manually curated benchmarks, limiting their ability to capture the full breadth of model capabilities. This paper introduces Active learning for Capability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Arash Afkanpour , Omkar Dige , Fatemeh Tavakoli , Negin Baghbanzadeh , Farnaz Kohankhaki , Elham Dolatabadi

This paper presents a novel form of policy gradient for model-free reinforcement learning (RL) with improved exploration properties. Current policy-based methods use entropy regularization to encourage undirected exploration of the reward…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-03-17 Ofir Nachum , Mohammad Norouzi , Dale Schuurmans

Causal discovery is the challenging task of inferring causal structure from data. Motivated by Pearl's Causal Hierarchy (PCH), which tells us that passive observations alone are not enough to distinguish correlation from causation, there…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Andreas W. M. Sauter , Nicolò Botteghi , Erman Acar , Aske Plaat