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Process Reward Models (PRMs) provide step-level supervision that improves the reliability of reasoning in large language models. While PRMs have been extensively studied in text-based domains, their extension to Vision Language Models…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Brandon Ong , Tej Deep Pala , Vernon Toh , William Chandra Tjhi , Soujanya Poria

In high-stakes domains, small task-specific vision models are crucial due to their low computational requirements and the availability of numerous methods to explain their results. However, these explanations often reveal that the models do…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Alexander Koebler , Lukas Kuhn , Ingo Thon , Florian Buettner

Going beyond mere fine-tuning of vision-language models (VLMs), learnable prompt tuning has emerged as a promising, resource-efficient alternative. Despite their potential, effectively learning prompts faces the following challenges: (i)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Hari Chandana Kuchibhotla , Sai Srinivas Kancheti , Abbavaram Gowtham Reddy , Vineeth N Balasubramanian

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) equip pre-trained large-language models (LLMs) with visual capabilities. While textual prompting in LLMs has been widely studied, visual prompting has emerged for more fine-grained and free-form…

Visual navigation policy is widely regarded as a promising direction, as it mimics humans by using egocentric visual observations for navigation. However, optical information of visual observations is difficult to be explicitly modeled like…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Tianyu Xu , Jiawei Chen , Jiazhao Zhang , Wenyao Zhang , Zekun Qi , Minghan Li , Zhizheng Zhang , He Wang

Personalized Visual Language Models (VLMs) are gaining increasing attention for their formidable ability in user-specific concepts aligned interactions (e.g., identifying a user's bike). Existing methods typically require the learning of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Huiyu Bai , Runze Wang , Zhuoyun Du , Yiyang Zhao , Fengji Zhang , Haoyu Chen , Xiaoyong Zhu , Bo Zheng , Xuejiao Zhao

Post-training with explicit reasoning traces is common to improve the reasoning capabilities of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs). However, acquiring high-quality reasoning traces is often costly and time-consuming. Hence, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Qihuang Zhong , Liang Ding , Wenjie Xuan , Juhua Liu , Bo Du , Dacheng Tao

Text-to-image models are powerful for producing high-quality images based on given text prompts, but crafting these prompts often requires specialized vocabulary. To address this, existing methods train rewriting models with supervision…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Hongji Yang , Yucheng Zhou , Wencheng Han , Jianbing Shen

The recent advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) has ushered sophisticated reasoning capabilities into the realm of video through Video Large Language Models (VideoLLMs). However, VideoLLMs currently rely on a single vision encoder for all…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Jihoon Chung , Tyler Zhu , Max Gonzalez Saez-Diez , Juan Carlos Niebles , Honglu Zhou , Olga Russakovsky

Recently, Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved exceptional performance across diverse tasks, continually surpassing previous expectations regarding their capabilities. Nevertheless, their proficiency in perceiving emotions…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Daiqing Wu , Dongbao Yang , Sicheng Zhao , Can Ma , Yu Zhou

In recent years, multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in tasks like visual question answering and common sense reasoning, while visual perception models have made significant strides in perception…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Guanqun Wang , Xinyu Wei , Jiaming Liu , Ray Zhang , Yichi Zhang , Kevin Zhang , Maurice Chong , Shanghang Zhang

Vision-language models (VLMs) have made significant progress in image classification by training with large-scale paired image-text data. Their performances largely depend on the prompt quality. While recent methods show that visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Xiangyan Qu , Gaopeng Gou , Jiamin Zhuang , Jing Yu , Kun Song , Qihao Wang , Yili Li , Gang Xiong

Multiple Choice Question Answering (MCQA) benchmarks are an established standard for measuring Vision Language Model (VLM) performance in driving tasks. However, we observe the known phenomenon that synthetically generated MCQAs are highly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Sutej Kulgod , Sean Ye , Sanchit Tanwar , Christoffer Heckman

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) with unified architectures excel across a wide range of vision-language tasks, yet aligning them with personalized image generation remains a significant challenge. Existing methods for MLLMs are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Qian Liang , Yujia Wu , Kuncheng Li , Jiwei Wei , Shiyuan He , Jinyu Guo , Ning Xie

Transformer-based language models, though not explicitly trained to mimic brain recordings, have demonstrated surprising alignment with brain activity. Progress in these models-through increased size, instruction-tuning, and…

Current large vision-language models (LVLMs) typically employ a connector module to link visual features with text embeddings of large language models (LLMs) and use end-to-end training to achieve multi-modal understanding in a unified…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Zixian Guo , Ming Liu , Qilong Wang , Zhilong Ji , Jinfeng Bai , Lei Zhang , Wangmeng Zuo

Although Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) excel at various image-related tasks, they encounter challenges in precisely aligning coordinates with spatial information within images, particularly in position-aware tasks such as visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Wei Tang , Yanpeng Sun , Qinying Gu , Zechao Li

Vision-language pre-training (VLP) methods are blossoming recently, and its crucial goal is to jointly learn visual and textual features via a transformer-based architecture, demonstrating promising improvements on a variety of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-01 Weihan Wang , Zhen Yang , Bin Xu , Juanzi Li , Yankui Sun

Medical large vision-language models (LVLMs) have demonstrated promising performance across various single-image question answering (QA) benchmarks, yet their capability in processing multi-image clinical scenarios remains underexplored.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Xikai Yang , Juzheng Miao , Yuchen Yuan , Jiaze Wang , Qi Dou , Jinpeng Li , Pheng-Ann Heng

Visual reasoning requires multimodal perception and commonsense cognition of the world. Recently, multiple vision-language models (VLMs) have been proposed with excellent commonsense reasoning ability in various domains. However, how to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Liangyu Chen , Bo Li , Sheng Shen , Jingkang Yang , Chunyuan Li , Kurt Keutzer , Trevor Darrell , Ziwei Liu