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In the field of autonomous driving, two important features of autonomous driving car systems are the explainability of decision logic and the accuracy of environmental perception. This paper introduces DME-Driver, a new autonomous driving…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Wencheng Han , Dongqian Guo , Cheng-Zhong Xu , Jianbing Shen

Bird's-Eye View (BEV) maps provide a structured, top-down abstraction that is crucial for autonomous-driving perception. In this work, we employ Cross-View Transformers (CVT) for learning to map camera images to three BEV's channels - road,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Felipe Carlos dos Santos , Eric Aislan Antonelo , Gustavo Claudio Karl Couto

Vision-language models enable the understanding and reasoning of complex traffic scenarios through multi-source information fusion, establishing it as a core technology for autonomous driving. However, existing vision-language models are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Minghui Hou , Wei-Hsing Huang , Shaofeng Liang , Daizong Liu , Tai-Hao Wen , Gang Wang , Runwei Guan , Weiping Ding

Vision-language models (VLMs) have recently emerged as powerful representation learning systems that align visual observations with natural language concepts, offering new opportunities for semantic reasoning in safety-critical autonomous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Ross Greer , Maitrayee Keskar , Angel Martinez-Sanchez , Parthib Roy , Shashank Shriram , Mohan Trivedi

End-to-end autonomous driving systems are increasingly integrating Vision-Language Model (VLM) architectures, incorporating text reasoning or visual reasoning to enhance the robustness and accuracy of driving decisions. However, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Lingjun Zhang , Changjie Wu , Linzhe Shi , Jiangyang Li , Jiaxin Liu , Lei Yang , Hang Zhang , Mu Xu , Hong Wang

Despite impressive advancements in Autonomous Driving Systems (ADS), navigation in complex road conditions remains a challenging problem. There is considerable evidence that evaluating the subjective risk level of various decisions can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-15 Shih-Yuan Yu , Arnav V. Malawade , Deepan Muthirayan , Pramod P. Khargonekar , Mohammad A. Al Faruque

Efficient traffic management is crucial for maintaining urban mobility, especially in densely populated areas where congestion, accidents, and delays can lead to frustrating and expensive commutes. However, existing prediction methods face…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Xuhong Wang , Ding Wang , Liang Chen , Yilun Lin

This comprehensive survey examines the integration of knowledge-based approaches in autonomous driving systems, specifically focusing on trajectory prediction and planning. We extensively analyze various methodologies for incorporating…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Kumar Manas , Adrian Paschke

Addressing hard cases in autonomous driving, such as anomalous road users, extreme weather conditions, and complex traffic interactions, presents significant challenges. To ensure safety, it is crucial to detect and manage these scenarios…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Yi Yang , Qingwen Zhang , Kei Ikemura , Nazre Batool , John Folkesson

We present an end-to-end method for object detection and trajectory prediction utilizing multi-view representations of LiDAR returns and camera images. In this work, we recognize the strengths and weaknesses of different view…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-20 Sudeep Fadadu , Shreyash Pandey , Darshan Hegde , Yi Shi , Fang-Chieh Chou , Nemanja Djuric , Carlos Vallespi-Gonzalez

Recent vision-only perception models for autonomous driving achieved promising results by encoding multi-view image features into Bird's-Eye-View (BEV) space. A critical step and the main bottleneck of these methods is transforming image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-13 Jiayu Yang , Enze Xie , Miaomiao Liu , Jose M. Alvarez

CAR-Scenes is a frame-level dataset for autonomous driving that enables training and evaluation of vision-language models (VLMs) for interpretable, scene-level understanding. We annotate 5,192 images drawn from Argoverse 1, Cityscapes,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Yuankai He , Weisong Shi

Autonomous driving is a safety-critical application, and it is therefore a top priority that the accompanying assistance systems are able to provide precise information about the surrounding environment of the vehicle. Tasks such as 3D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Dan Halperin , Niklas Eisl

Vision-language-action models have reshaped autonomous driving to incorporate languages into the decision-making process. However, most existing pipelines only utilize the language modality for scene descriptions or reasoning and lack the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Sicheng Zuo , Yuxuan Li , Wenzhao Zheng , Zheng Zhu , Jie Zhou , Jiwen Lu

Recent end-to-end autonomous driving approaches have leveraged Vision-Language Models (VLMs) to enhance planning capabilities in complex driving scenarios. However, VLMs are inherently trained as generalist models, lacking specialized…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Jingyu Li , Junjie Wu , Dongnan Hu , Xiangkai Huang , Bin Sun , Zhihui Hao , Xianpeng Lang , Xiatian Zhu , Li Zhang

In the field of autonomous vehicles (AVs), accurately discerning commander intent and executing linguistic commands within a visual context presents a significant challenge. This paper introduces a sophisticated encoder-decoder framework,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Haicheng Liao , Huanming Shen , Zhenning Li , Chengyue Wang , Guofa Li , Yiming Bie , Chengzhong Xu

In autonomous vehicles (AVs), early warning systems rely on collision prediction to ensure occupant safety. However, state-of-the-art methods using deep convolutional networks either fail at modeling collisions or are too expensive/slow,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-12 Arnav V. Malawade , Shih-Yuan Yu , Brandon Hsu , Deepan Muthirayan , Pramod P. Khargonekar , Mohammad A. Al Faruque

We propose and demonstrate a framework called perception as prediction for autonomous driving that uses general value functions (GVFs) to learn predictions. Perception as prediction learns data-driven predictions relating to the impact of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-01-27 Daniel Graves , Kasra Rezaee , Sean Scheideman

Motion prediction systems aim to capture the future behavior of traffic scenarios enabling autonomous vehicles to perform safe and efficient planning. The evolution of these scenarios is highly uncertain and depends on the interactions of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-12-08 Sandra Carrasco Limeros , Sylwia Majchrowska , Joakim Johnander , Christoffer Petersson , David Fernández Llorca

Data-driven learning has advanced autonomous driving, yet task-specific models struggle with out-of-distribution scenarios due to their narrow optimization objectives and reliance on costly annotated data. We present DriveX, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Chen Shi , Shaoshuai Shi , Kehua Sheng , Bo Zhang , Li Jiang