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The age of social media is flooded with Internet memes, necessitating a clear grasp and effective identification of harmful ones. This task presents a significant challenge due to the implicit meaning embedded in memes, which is not…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-25 Hongzhan Lin , Ziyang Luo , Wei Gao , Jing Ma , Bo Wang , Ruichao Yang

Social media platforms serve as accessible outlets for individuals to express their thoughts and experiences, resulting in an influx of user-generated data spanning all age groups. While these platforms enable free expression, they also…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Nikhil Narayan , Mrutyunjay Biswal , Pramod Goyal , Abhranta Panigrahi

Large language models (LLMs) offer promising opportunities for organizational research. However, their built-in moderation systems can create problems when researchers try to analyze harmful content, often refusing to follow certain…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Mustafa Akben , Aaron Satko

Online toxic content has grown into a pervasive phenomenon, intensifying during times of crisis, elections, and social unrest. A significant amount of research has been focused on detecting or analyzing toxic content using machine-learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Gautam Kishore Shahi , Tim A. Majchrzak

Large language models (LLMs) have recently emerged as promising tools for augmenting Security Operations Center (SOC) workflows, with vendors increasingly marketing autonomous AI solutions for SOCs. However, there remains a limited…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Souradip Nath , Chih-Yi Huang , Aditi Ganapathi , Kashyap Thimmaraju , Jaron Mink , Gail-Joon Ahn

Real-world information, often multimodal, can be misinformed or potentially misleading due to factual errors, outdated claims, missing context, misinterpretation, and more. Such "misinformation" is understudied, challenging to address, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Xinyi Zhou , Ashish Sharma , Amy X. Zhang , Tim Althoff

The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) has advanced the benchmark in various Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. However, large amounts of labelled training data are required to train LLMs. Furthermore, data annotation and training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Sargam Yadav , Abhishek Kaushik , Kevin McDaid

The abstract outlines the problem of toxic comments on social media platforms, where individuals use disrespectful, abusive, and unreasonable language that can drive users away from discussions. This behavior is referred to as anti-social…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-17 K. Poojitha , A. Sai Charish , M. Arun Kuamr Reddy , S. Ayyasamy

Large Language Models (LLMs) are rapidly transforming how communities access, interpret, and circulate knowledge, and religious communities are no exception. Chatbots powered by LLMs are beginning to reshape authority, pedagogy, and…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Muhammad Aurangzeb Ahmad

The assessment of legal problems requires the consideration of a specific legal system and its levels of abstraction, from constitutional law to statutory law to case law. The extent to which Large Language Models (LLMs) internalize such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Florian Ludwig , Torsten Zesch , Frederike Zufall

Aggressive comments on social media negatively impact human life. Such offensive contents are responsible for depression and suicidal-related activities. Since online social networking is increasing day by day, the hate content is also…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-15 Mst Shapna Akter , Hossain Shahriar , Nova Ahmed , Alfredo Cuzzocrea

The exponential growths of social media and micro-blogging sites not only provide platforms for empowering freedom of expressions and individual voices, but also enables people to express anti-social behaviour like online harassment,…

Research shows that various social media platforms on Internet such as Twitter, Tumblr (micro-blogging websites), Facebook (a popular social networking website), YouTube (largest video sharing and hosting website), Blogs and discussion…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2015-11-24 Swati Agarwal , Ashish Sureka

Large language models (LLMs) are widely deployed for open-ended communication, yet most bias evaluations still rely on English, classification-style tasks. We introduce \corpusname, a new multilingual, debate-style benchmark designed to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Muhammed Saeed , Muhammad Abdul-mageed , Shady Shehata

Large Language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, have gained popularity in recent years with the advancement of Natural Language Processing (NLP), with use cases spanning many disciplines and daily lives as well. LLMs inherit explicit and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Fatima Kazi

With a surge in the usage of social media postings to express opinions, emotions, and ideologies, there has been a significant shift towards the calibration of social media as a rapid medium of conveying viewpoints and outlooks over the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Mohammad Kashif , Mohammad Zohair , Saquib Ali

Hateful meme detection presents a significant challenge as a multimodal task due to the complexity of interpreting implicit hate messages and contextual cues within memes. Previous approaches have fine-tuned pre-trained vision-language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Ming Shan Hee , Roy Ka-Wei Lee

Content moderation on social media platforms shapes the dynamics of online discourse, influencing whose voices are amplified and whose are suppressed. Recent studies have raised concerns about the fairness of content moderation practices,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Rebecca Dorn , Lee Kezar , Fred Morstatter , Kristina Lerman

Hate speech online targets individuals or groups based on identity attributes and spreads rapidly, posing serious social risks. Memes, which combine images and text, have emerged as a nuanced vehicle for disseminating hate speech, often…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Rui Xing , Qi Chai , Jie Ma , Jing Tao , Pinghui Wang , Shuming Zhang , Xinping Wang , Hao Wang

With the widespread online social networks, hate speeches are spreading faster and causing more damage than ever before. Existing hate speech detection methods have limitations in several aspects, such as handling data insufficiency,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Guanyi Mou , Kyumin Lee