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Large Language Models (LLM) alignment aims to prevent models from producing content that misaligns with human expectations, which can lead to ethical and legal concerns. In the last few years, Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Biao Liu , Ning Xu , Xin Geng

We study the problem of privacy-preserving machine learning (PPML) for ensemble methods, focusing our effort on random forests. In collaborative analysis, PPML attempts to solve the conflict between the need for data sharing and privacy.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-22 Irene Giacomelli , Somesh Jha , Ross Kleiman , David Page , Kyonghwan Yoon

Although large language models have demonstrated the potential for personalized advertising recommendations in experimental environments, in actual operations, how advertising recommendation systems can be combined with measures such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Haoyang Feng , Yanjun Dai , Yuan Gao

The capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) are limited to some extent by pre-training, so some researchers optimize LLMs through post-training. Existing post-training strategies, such as memory-based retrieval or preference…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Haoran Sun , Zekun Zhang , Shaoning Zeng

In this paper, we study the private and robust alignment of language models from a theoretical perspective by establishing upper bounds on the suboptimality gap in both offline and online settings. We consider preference labels subject to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Wenqian Weng , Yi He , Xingyu Zhou

Fine-tuning is a prominent technique to adapt a pre-trained language model to downstream scenarios. In parameter-efficient fine-tuning, only a small subset of modules are trained over the downstream datasets, while leaving the rest of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Xicong Shen , Yang Liu , Huiqi Liu , Jue Hong , Bing Duan , Zirui Huang , Yunlong Mao , Ye Wu , Di Wu

The rapid rise of IoT and Big Data has facilitated copious data driven applications to enhance our quality of life. However, the omnipresent and all-encompassing nature of the data collection can generate privacy concerns. Hence, there is a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-09 Mert Al , Semih Yagli , Sun-Yuan Kung

Generative machine learning models are being increasingly viewed as a way to share sensitive data between institutions. While there has been work on developing differentially private generative modeling approaches, these approaches…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-13 Yixi Xu , Sumit Mukherjee , Xiyang Liu , Shruti Tople , Rahul Dodhia , Juan Lavista Ferres

Large Language Model (LLM) personalization aims to align model behaviors with individual user preferences. Existing methods often focus on isolated user histories, neglecting the essential role of inter-user differences. We propose C-BPO, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Xilai Ma , Liye Zhao , Weijun Yao , Haibing Di , Wenya Wang , Jing Li

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have been remarkable, with new models consistently surpassing their predecessors. These advancements are underpinned by extensive research on various training mechanisms. Among these,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Hansle Gwon , Imjin Ahn , Young-Hak Kim , Sanghyun Park , Tae Joon Jun

Personalized search is a problem where models benefit from learning user preferences from per-user historical interaction data. The inferred preferences enable personalized ranking models to improve the relevance of documents for users.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Sheshera Mysore , Garima Dhanania , Kishor Patil , Surya Kallumadi , Andrew McCallum , Hamed Zamani

Privacy-preserving machine learning algorithms are crucial for the increasingly common setting in which personal data, such as medical or financial records, are analyzed. We provide general techniques to produce privacy-preserving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2011-02-18 Kamalika Chaudhuri , Claire Monteleoni , Anand D. Sarwate

Human preference alignment can greatly enhance Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), but collecting high-quality preference data is costly. A promising solution is the self-evolution strategy, where models are iteratively trained on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Wentao Tan , Qiong Cao , Yibing Zhan , Chao Xue , Changxing Ding

The meanings of words and phrases depend not only on where they are used (contexts) but also on who use them (writers). Pretrained language models (PLMs) are powerful tools for capturing context, but they are typically pretrained and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-15 Daisuke Oba , Naoki Yoshinaga , Masashi Toyoda

Current LLM-based services typically require users to submit raw text regardless of its sensitivity. While intuitive, such practice introduces substantial privacy risks, as unauthorized access may expose personal, medical, or legal…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Jeongho Yoon , Chanhee Park , Yongchan Chun , Hyeonseok Moon , Heuiseok Lim

Privacy is crucial in many applications of machine learning. Legal, ethical and societal issues restrict the sharing of sensitive data making it difficult to learn from datasets that are partitioned between many parties. One important…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-09-21 Christina Heinze-Deml , Brian McWilliams , Nicolai Meinshausen

Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) provides a practical way for users to customize Large Language Models (LLMs) with their private data in LLM service scenarios. However, the inherently sensitive nature of private data demands robust…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Yansong Li , Zhixing Tan , Paula Branco , Yang Liu

Preference-based fine-tuning has become an important component in training large language models, and the data used at this stage may contain sensitive user information. A central question is how to design a differentially private pipeline…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-25 Young Hyun Cho , Will Wei Sun

Self-preference is a fundamental feature of biological organisms. Since large language models (LLMs) lack sentience, they might be expected to avoid such distortions. Yet, across 72 experiments and ~41,000 queries, we discovered massive…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Steven A. Lehr , Mary Cipperman , Mahzarin R. Banaji

Large language models (LLMs) have shown significant potential for robotics applications, particularly task planning, by harnessing their language comprehension and text generation capabilities. However, in applications such as household…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Dongge Han , Trevor McInroe , Adam Jelley , Stefano V. Albrecht , Peter Bell , Amos Storkey