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Accurate and scalable cancer diagnosis remains a critical challenge in modern pathology, particularly for malignancies such as breast, prostate, bone, and cervical, which exhibit complex histological variability. In this study, we propose a…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-18 Faisal Ahmed

Pathology images are considered the ``gold standard" for cancer diagnosis and treatment, with gigapixel images providing extensive tissue and cellular information. Existing methods fail to simultaneously extract global structural and local…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Haoming Luo , Xiaotian Yu , Shengxuming Zhang , Jiabin Xia , Yang Jian , Yuning Sun , Liang Xue , Mingli Song , Jing Zhang , Xiuming Zhang , Zunlei Feng

Presenting whole slide images (WSIs) as graph will enable a more efficient and accurate learning framework for cancer diagnosis. Due to the fact that a single WSI consists of billions of pixels and there is a lack of vast annotated datasets…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-09 Milan Aryal , Nasim Yahyasoltani

This paper explores the application of Human-in-the-Loop (HITL) strategies in training machine learning models in the medical domain. In this case a doctor-in-the-loop approach is proposed to leverage human expertise in dealing with large…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-01 David Vázquez-Lema , Eduardo Mosqueira-Rey , Elena Hernández-Pereira , Carlos Fernández-Lozano , Fernando Seara-Romera , Jorge Pombo-Otero

Pathology is essential for cancer diagnosis, with multiple instance learning (MIL) widely used for whole slide image (WSI) analysis. WSIs exhibit a natural hierarchy -- patches, regions, and slides -- with distinct semantic associations.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Peixiang Huang , Yanyan Huang , Weiqin Zhao , Junjun He , Lequan Yu

Multiple instance learning (MIL) is a promising approach for weakly supervised classification in pathology using whole slide images (WSIs). However, conventional MIL methods such as Attention-Based Deep Multiple Instance Learning (ABMIL)…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-28 Hassan Keshvarikhojasteh , Mihail Tifrea , Sibylle Hess , Josien P. W. Pluim , Mitko Veta

Whole-slide image analysis via the means of computational pathology often relies on processing tessellated gigapixel images with only slide-level labels available. Applying multiple instance learning-based methods or transformer models is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Joshua Butke , Noriaki Hashimoto , Ichiro Takeuchi , Hiroaki Miyoshi , Koichi Ohshima , Jun Sakuma

The whole slide image (WSI) classification is often formulated as a multiple instance learning (MIL) problem. Since the positive tissue is only a small fraction of the gigapixel WSI, existing MIL methods intuitively focus on identifying…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-22 Wenhao Tang , Sheng Huang , Xiaoxian Zhang , Fengtao Zhou , Yi Zhang , Bo Liu

Multiple instance learning (MIL) has emerged as a powerful framework for weakly supervised whole slide image (WSI) classification, enabling slide-level predictions without requiring detailed patch-level annotations. Despite its success, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Bryan Wong , Mun Yong Yi

Oncologists often rely on a multitude of data, including whole-slide images (WSIs), to guide therapeutic decisions, aiming for the best patient outcome. However, predicting the prognosis of cancer patients can be a challenging task due to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-01 M Rita Verdelho , Alexandre Bernardino , Catarina Barata

Integrating whole-slide images (WSIs) and bulk transcriptomics for predicting patient survival can improve our understanding of patient prognosis. However, this multimodal task is particularly challenging due to the different nature of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Guillaume Jaume , Anurag Vaidya , Richard Chen , Drew Williamson , Paul Liang , Faisal Mahmood

In modern cancer diagnostics, Whole Slide Imaging (WSI) is widely used to digitize tissue specimens for detailed, high-resolution examination; however, other diagnostic approaches, such as liquid biopsy and molecular testing, are also…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Seyed Kahaki , Alexander R. Webber , Ghada Zamzmi , Adarsh Subbaswamy , Rucha Deshpande , Aldo Badano

Diagnosing diseases through histopathology whole slide images (WSIs) is fundamental in modern pathology but is challenged by the gigapixel scale and complexity of WSIs. Trained histopathologists overcome this challenge by navigating the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Fatemeh Ghezloo , Mehmet Saygin Seyfioglu , Rustin Soraki , Wisdom O. Ikezogwo , Beibin Li , Tejoram Vivekanandan , Joann G. Elmore , Ranjay Krishna , Linda Shapiro

Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) is a weakly-supervised problem in which one label is assigned to the whole bag of instances. An important class of MIL models is instance-based, where we first classify instances and then aggregate those…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-13 Łukasz Struski , Dawid Rymarczyk , Arkadiusz Lewicki , Robert Sabiniewicz , Jacek Tabor , Bartosz Zieliński

Histopathology image analysis plays a crucial role in cancer diagnosis. However, training a clinically applicable segmentation algorithm requires pathologists to engage in labour-intensive labelling. In contrast, weakly supervised learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Gang Xu , Shuhao Wang , Lingyu Zhao , Xiao Chen , Tongwei Wang , Lang Wang , Zhenwei Luo , Dahan Wang , Zewen Zhang , Aijun Liu , Wei Ba , Zhigang Song , Huaiyin Shi , Dingrong Zhong , Jianpeng Ma

Labelling tissue components in histology whole slide images (WSIs) is prohibitively labour-intensive: a single slide may contain tens of thousands of structures--cells, nuclei, and other morphologically distinct objects--each requiring…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2026-04-13 Muhammad Haseeb Ahmad , Sharmila Rajendran , Damion Young , Jon Mason

Advances in optical microscopy scanning have significantly contributed to computational pathology (CPath) by converting traditional histopathological slides into whole slide images (WSIs). This development enables comprehensive digital…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-19 Xitong Ling , Yuanyuan Lei , Jiawen Li , Junru Cheng , Wenting Huang , Tian Guan , Jian Guan , Yonghong He

The study of histopathological subtypes is valuable for the personalisation of effective treatment strategies for ovarian cancer. However, increasing diagnostic workloads present a challenge for UK pathology departments, leading to the rise…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Marcus Jenkins , Jasenka Mazibrada , Bogdan Leahu , Michal Mackiewicz

Objective: We develop a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system using deep learning approaches for lesion detection and classification on whole-slide images (WSIs) with breast cancer. The deep features being distinguishing in classification…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-08-29 Wei-Wen Hsu , Yongfang Wu , Chang Hao , Yu-Ling Hou , Xiang Gao , Yun Shao , Xueli Zhang , Tao He , Yanhong Tai

The diagnosis and prognosis of cancer are typically based on multi-modal clinical data, including histology images and genomic data, due to the complex pathogenesis and high heterogeneity. Despite the advancements in digital pathology and…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2024-04-15 Zeyu Zhang , Yuanshen Zhao , Jingxian Duan , Yaou Liu , Hairong Zheng , Dong Liang , Zhenyu Zhang , Zhi-Cheng Li