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Related papers: Generative AI for Validating Physics Laws

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Generative artificial intelligence (GAI) plays a fundamental role in high-impact AI-based systems such as SORA and AlphaFold. Currently, GAI shows limited capability in the specialized domains due to data scarcity. In this paper, we develop…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Shan Tang , Ziwei Cao , Zhenling Yang , Jiachen Guo , Yicheng Lu , Wing Kam Liu , Xu Guo

We develop the laws of thermodynamics in terms of general exponential families. By casting learning (log-loss minimization) problems in max-entropy and statistical mechanics terms, we translate thermodynamics results to learning scenarios.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-01-07 Akshay Balsubramani

The discovery of scientific formulae that parsimoniously explain natural phenomena and align with existing background theory is a key goal in science. Historically, scientists have derived natural laws by manipulating equations based on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Ryan Cory-Wright , Cristina Cornelio , Sanjeeb Dash , Bachir El Khadir , Lior Horesh

The capabilities of modern artificial intelligence (AI) as a ``scientific collaborator'' are explored by engaging it with three nuanced problems in quantum optics: state populations in optical pumping, resonant transitions between decaying…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-15 Manas Pandey , Bharath Hebbe Madhusudhana , Saikat Ghosh , Dmitry Budker

Stochastic generators are useful for estimating climate impacts on various sectors. Projecting climate risk in various sectors, e.g. energy systems, requires generators that are accurate (statistical resemblance to ground-truth), reliable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Emmanuel Balogun , Ram Rajagopal , Arun Majumdar

Analyzing time series of fluxes from stars, known as stellar light curves, can reveal valuable information about stellar properties. However, most current methods rely on extracting summary statistics, and studies using deep learning have…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-06-18 Jia-Shu Pan , Yuan-Sen Ting , Yang Huang , Jie Yu , Ji-Feng Liu

Reconstructing continuous physical fields from sparse measurements is a central inverse problem, but data-driven generative models can produce states that violate governing dynamics. We introduce a physics-informed generative solver that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Ziyuan Zhu , Keyu Hu , Zhifei Chen , Yuhao Shi , Ming Bao , Jing Zhao , Gang Wang , Haitan Xu , Jiadong Li , Qijun Zhao , Xiaodong Li , Minghui Lu , Yanfeng Chen

Could it be that AI weather models are solving physical equations, although they may not be the equations used by conventional NWP models? We compute correlations of forecast skill and Centered Kernel Alignment, providing evidence that…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2026-05-25 George Craig , Tobias Selz , Matthias Beylich , Kirsten I. Tempest

This paper investigates the Jolting Technologies Hypothesis, which posits superexponential growth (increasing acceleration, or a positive third derivative) in the development of AI capabilities. We develop a theoretical framework and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-10 David Orban

Modern spectroscopic surveys can only target a small fraction of the vast amount of photometrically cataloged sources in wide-field surveys. Here, we report the development of a generative AI method capable of predicting optical galaxy…

A new generative technique is presented in this paper that uses Deep Learning to reconstruct stellar spectra based on a set of stellar parameters. Two different Neural Networks were trained allowing the generation of new spectra. First, an…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-01-25 Marwan Gebran

In this paper we deal with the problem of chromaticity, i.e. apparent position variation of stellar images with their spectral distribution, using neural networks to analyse and process astronomical images. The goal is to remove this…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 M. Gai , R. Cancelliere

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have become central for the perception functions of autonomous vehicles, substantially enhancing their ability to understand and interpret the environment. However, these systems exhibit inherent limitations such…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Mert Keser , Youssef Shoeb , Alois Knoll

Generative artificial intelligence (AI) refers to algorithms that create synthetic but realistic output. Diffusion models currently offer state of the art performance in generative AI for images. They also form a key component in more…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Catherine F. Higham , Desmond J. Higham , Peter Grindrod

Sensitivity analysis is a cornerstone of climate science, essential for understanding phenomena ranging from storm intensity to long-term climate feedbacks. However, computing these sensitivities using traditional physical models is often…

Artificial intelligence (AI) has been increasingly applied in scientific activities for decades; however, it is still far from an insightful and trustworthy collaborator in the scientific process. Most existing AI methods are either too…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-02-08 Morad Behandish , John Maxwell , Johan de Kleer

The emerging paradigm of AI co-scientists focuses on tasks characterized by repeatable verification, where agents explore search spaces in 'guess and check' loops. This paradigm does not extend to problems where repeated evaluation is…

In warm inflation scenarios, radiation always exists, so that the radiation energy density is also assumed to be finite when inflation starts. To find out the origin of the non-vanishing initial radiation energy density, we revisit…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-11-11 Yongwan Gim , Wontae Kim

This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the development, functioning, and application of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) and large language models (LLMs), with an emphasis on their implications for research and education.…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Jussi S. Jauhiainen , Aurora Toppari

This article argues that the deployment of generative AI systems in legal profession requires strong restraint due to the critical risks of hallucination and overreliance. Central to this analysis is the definition of Generative Legal AI…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Gizem Gültekin Varkonyi