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Recently, the retrieval models based on dense representations have been gradually applied in the first stage of the document retrieval tasks, showing better performance than traditional sparse vector space models. To obtain high efficiency,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-08-20 Hongyin Tang , Xingwu Sun , Beihong Jin , Jingang Wang , Fuzheng Zhang , Wei Wu

The classical, vector space model for text retrieval is shown to give better results (up to 29% better in our experiments) if WordNet synsets are chosen as the indexing space, instead of word forms. This result is obtained for a manually…

cmp-lg · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Julio Gonzalo , Felisa Verdejo , Irina Chugur , Juan Cigarran

Information retrieval systems are crucial for enabling effective access to large document collections. Recent approaches have leveraged Large Language Models (LLMs) to enhance retrieval performance through query augmentation, but often rely…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Pengcheng Jiang , Jiacheng Lin , Lang Cao , Runchu Tian , SeongKu Kang , Zifeng Wang , Jimeng Sun , Jiawei Han

There is intense interest in investigating how inference time compute (ITC) (e.g. repeated sampling, refinements, etc) can improve large language model (LLM) capabilities. At the same time, recent breakthroughs in reasoning models, such as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Junlin Wang , Shang Zhu , Jon Saad-Falcon , Ben Athiwaratkun , Qingyang Wu , Jue Wang , Shuaiwen Leon Song , Ce Zhang , Bhuwan Dhingra , James Zou

When dealing with document similarity many methods exist today, like cosine similarity. More complex methods are also available based on the semantic analysis of textual information, which are computationally expensive and rarely used in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2015-05-18 Giancarlo Crocetti

Modern retrieval systems do not rely on a single ranking model to construct their rankings. Instead, they generally take a cascading approach where a sequence of ranking models are applied in multiple re-ranking stages. Thereby, they…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Harrie Oosterhuis , Rolf Jagerman , Zhen Qin , Xuanhui Wang

Retrieve-and-rerank is a popular retrieval pipeline because of its ability to make slow but effective rerankers efficient enough at query time by reducing the number of comparisons. Recent works in neural rerankers take advantage of large…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Eugene Yang , Andrew Yates , Kathryn Ricci , Orion Weller , Vivek Chari , Benjamin Van Durme , Dawn Lawrie

Document-level relation extraction (RE) aims to extract the relations between entities from the input document that usually containing many difficultly-predicted entity pairs whose relations can only be predicted through relational…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Liang Zhang , Jinsong Su , Yidong Chen , Zhongjian Miao , Zijun Min , Qingguo Hu , Xiaodong Shi

Recent retrieval-augmented models enhance basic methods by building a hierarchical structure over retrieved text chunks through recursive embedding, clustering, and summarization. The most relevant information is then retrieved from both…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Charbel Chucri , Rami Azouz , Joachim Ott

This paper introduces ThoughtProbe, a novel inference time framework that leverages the hidden reasoning features of Large Language Models (LLMs) to improve their reasoning performance. Unlike previous works that manipulate the hidden…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Zijian Wang , Chang Xu

Scientific paper retrieval, particularly framed as document-to-document retrieval, aims to identify relevant papers in response to a long-form query paper, rather than a short query string. Previous approaches to this task have focused…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Sangwoo Park , Jinheon Baek , Soyeong Jeong , Sung Ju Hwang

In retrieval-augmented systems, context ranking techniques are commonly employed to reorder the retrieved contexts based on their relevance to a user query. A standard approach is to measure this relevance through the similarity between…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Weichao Zhou , Jiaxin Zhang , Hilaf Hasson , Anu Singh , Wenchao Li

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems commonly use chunking strategies for retrieval, which enhance large language models (LLMs) by enabling them to access external knowledge, ensuring that the retrieved information is up-to-date and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Hai Toan Nguyen , Tien Dat Nguyen , Viet Ha Nguyen

Large Language Models (LLMs) often fail to utilize their latent reasoning capabilities due to a distributional mismatch between ambiguous human inquiries and the structured logic required for machine activation. Existing alignment methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Yixiao Zhou , Dongzhou Cheng , zhiliang wu , Yi Yang , Yu Cheng , Hehe Fan

The rapid growth of user-generated videos on the Internet has intensified the need for text-based video retrieval systems. Traditional methods mainly favor the concept-based paradigm on retrieval with simple queries, which are usually…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-07 Xun Yang , Jianfeng Dong , Yixin Cao , Xun Wang , Meng Wang , Tat-Seng Chua

Despite their remarkable natural language understanding capabilities, Large Language Models (LLMs) have been underutilized for retrieval tasks. We present Search-R3, a novel framework that addresses this limitation by adapting LLMs to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Yuntao Gui , James Cheng

Large language models (LLMs) have transformed natural language processing (NLP), enabling diverse applications by integrating large-scale pre-trained knowledge. However, their static knowledge limits dynamic reasoning over external…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Harshad Khadilkar , Abhay Gupta

Recently, inference-time scaling of chain-of-thought (CoT) has been demonstrated as a promising approach for addressing multi-modal reasoning tasks. While existing studies have predominantly centered on text-based thinking, the integration…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Yujie Lin , Ante Wang , Moye Chen , Jingyao Liu , Hao Liu , Jinsong Su , Xinyan Xiao

Recent studies have proposed leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) as information retrievers through query rewriting. However, for challenging corpora, we argue that enhancing queries alone is insufficient for robust semantic matching;…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Jingming Liu , Yumeng Li , Wei Shi , Yao-Xiang Ding , Hui Su , Kun Zhou

Universal Multimodal Retrieval (UMR) seeks any-to-any search across text and vision, yet modern embedding models remain brittle when queries require latent reasoning (e.g., resolving underspecified references or matching compositional…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Jianrui Zhang , Anirudh Sundara Rajan , Brandon Han , Soochahn Lee , Sukanta Ganguly , Yong Jae Lee