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Classical measures of structural reliability, such as the probability of failure and the related reliability index, are still widely applied in practice. However, these measures are frequency-based only, and they do not give information…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-19 Moussa Leblouba , Samer Barakat , Raghad Awad

Power grids exhibit patterns of reaction to outages similar to complex networks. Blackout sequences follow power laws, as complex systems operating near a critical point. Here, the tolerance of electric power grids to both accidental and…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-03-23 S. Arianos , E. Bompard , A. Carbone , F. Xue

We present a new approach to assessing the robustness of neural networks based on estimating the proportion of inputs for which a property is violated. Specifically, we estimate the probability of the event that the property is violated…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-02-25 Stefan Webb , Tom Rainforth , Yee Whye Teh , M. Pawan Kumar

This paper quantifies the security of uncertain interconnected systems under stealthy data injection attacks. In particular, we consider a large-scale system composed of a certain subsystem interconnected with an uncertain subsystem, where…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-03 Anh Tung Nguyen , Sribalaji C. Anand , André M. H. Teixeira

Accurate vulnerability assessment of critical infrastructure systems is cardinal to enhance infrastructure resilience. Unlike traditional approaches, this paper proposes a novel infrastructure vulnerability assessment framework that…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-12-15 Prasangsha Ganguly , Sayanti Mukherjee

Software vulnerabilities are a serious and crucial concern. Typically, in a program or function consisting of hundreds or thousands of source code statements, there are only a few statements causing the corresponding vulnerabilities. Most…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Van Nguyen , Trung Le , Chakkrit Tantithamthavorn , Michael Fu , John Grundy , Hung Nguyen , Seyit Camtepe , Paul Quirk , Dinh Phung

Accountability aims to provide explanations for why unwanted situations occurred, thus providing means to assign responsibility and liability. As such, accountability has slightly different meanings across the sciences. In computer science,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2016-08-30 Severin Kacianka , Florian Kelbert , Alexander Pretschner

In this paper, we question the common practice of assigning security impact ratings to OS updates. Specifically, we present evidence that ranking updates by their perceived security importance, in order to defer applying some updates,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2009-04-28 Jeff Arnold , Tim Abbott , Waseem Daher , Gregory Price , Nelson Elhage , Geoffrey Thomas , Anders Kaseorg

Just as a herd of animals relies on its robust social structure to survive in the wild, similarly robustness is a crucial characteristic for the survival of a complex network under attack. The capacity to measure robustness in complex…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2008-11-27 Ali Sydney , Caterina Scoglio , Phillip Schumm , Robert Kooij

The Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE) is a prominent list of software weakness types. This list is used by vulnerability databases to describe the underlying security flaws within analyzed vulnerabilities. This linkage opens the possibility…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-06-16 Peter Mell , Assane Gueye

Network penetration testing identifies the exploits and vulnerabilities those exist within computer network infrastructure and help to confirm the security measures. The objective of this paper is to explain methodology and methods behind…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2009-12-26 Nitin A. Naik , Gajanan D. Kurundkar , Santosh D. Khamitkar , Namdeo V. Kalyankar

Vulnerability identification is crucial to protect software systems from attacks for cyber-security. However, huge projects have more than millions of lines of code, and the complex dependencies make it hard to carry out traditional static…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Shuo Liu , Gail Kaiser

We provide a framework for detecting relevant insurance companies in a systemic risk perspective. Among the alternative methodologies for measuring systemic risk, we propose a complex network approach where insurers are linked to form a…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2020-11-24 Gian Paolo Clemente , Alessandra Cornaro

A common problem in risk analysis is to characterize the overall security of a system of valuable assets (e.g., government buildings or communication hubs), and to suggest measures to mitigate any hazards or security threats. Currently,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-01-23 Vicki Bier , Alexander Gutfraind

According to the World Health Organization, the involvement of Vulnerable Road Users (VRUs) in traffic accidents remains a significant concern, with VRUs accounting for over half of traffic fatalities. The increase of automation and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Edmir Xhoxhi , Vincent Albert Wolff

Recently, bug-bounty programs have gained popularity and become a significant part of the security culture of many organizations. Bug-bounty programs enable organizations to enhance their security posture by harnessing the diverse expertise…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-02-27 Soodeh Atefi , Amutheezan Sivagnanam , Afiya Ayman , Jens Grossklags , Aron Laszka

Random networks are a powerful tool in the analytical modeling of complex networks as they allow us to write approximate mathematical models for diverse properties and behaviors of networks. One notable shortcoming of these models is that…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-07-10 Laurent Hébert-Dufresne , Márton Pósfai , Antoine Allard

Trust is an absolute necessity for digital communications; but is often viewed as an implicit singular entity. The use of the internet as the primary vehicle for information exchange has made accountability and verifiability of system code…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-03-04 Orhio Mark Creado , Bala Srinivasan , Phu Dung Le , Jefferson Tan

Network robustness against attacks has been widely studied in fields as diverse as the Internet, power grids and human societies. Typically, in these studies, robustness is assessed only in terms of the connectivity of the nodes unaffected…

Physics and Society · Physics 2014-03-17 Alejandro Tejedor , Anthony Longjas , Ilya Zaliapin , Samuel Ambroj , Efi Foufoula-Georgiou

Dependability is an important characteristic that a trustworthy computer system should have. It is a measure of Availability, Reliability, Maintainability, Safety and Security. The focus of our research is on security of web services. Web…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2015-10-09 Shahedeh Khani , Cristina Gacek , Peter Popov