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This paper presents the concept of an adaptive safe padding that forces Reinforcement Learning (RL) to synthesise optimal control policies while ensuring safety during the learning process. Policies are synthesised to satisfy a goal,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-24 Mohammadhosein Hasanbeig , Alessandro Abate , Daniel Kroening

A reliable representation of uncertainty is essential for the application of modern machine learning methods in safety-critical settings. In this regard, the use of credal sets (i.e., convex sets of probability distributions) has recently…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Paul Hofman , Timo Löhr , Maximilian Muschalik , Yusuf Sale , Eyke Hüllermeier

Estimating the reliability of individual predictions is key to increase the adoption of computational models and artificial intelligence in preclinical drug discovery, as well as to foster its application to guide decision making in…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2019-08-13 Isidro Cortés-Ciriano , Andreas Bender

Rigorous uncertainty quantification is essential for the safe deployment of autonomous systems in unconstrained environments. Conformal Prediction (CP) provides a distribution-free framework for this task, yet its standard formulations rely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Renukanandan Tumu , Aditya Singh , Rahul Mangharam

Large Language and Vision-Language Models (LLMs/VLMs) are increasingly used in safety-critical applications, yet their opaque decision-making complicates risk assessment and reliability. Uncertainty quantification (UQ) helps assess…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Sina Tayebati , Divake Kumar , Nastaran Darabi , Dinithi Jayasuriya , Ranganath Krishnan , Amit Ranjan Trivedi

Learning-based quadruped controllers achieve impressive agility but typically lack formal safety guarantees under model uncertainty, perception noise, and unstructured contact conditions. We introduce SafeMind, a differentiable stochastic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Zukun Zhang , Kai Shu , Mingqiao Mo

Federated Learning (FL) is a machine learning framework where many clients collaboratively train models while keeping the training data decentralized. Despite recent advances in FL, the uncertainty quantification topic (UQ) remains…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-10-25 Vincent Plassier , Mehdi Makni , Aleksandr Rubashevskii , Eric Moulines , Maxim Panov

Approximate dynamic programming (ADP) faces challenges in dealing with constraints in control problems. Model predictive control (MPC) is, in comparison, well-known for its accommodation of constraints and stability guarantees, although its…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-10 Kanghui He , Shengling Shi , Ton van den Boom , Bart De Schutter

Control Barrier Functions (CBFs) have proven to be an effective tool for performing safe control synthesis for nonlinear systems. However, guaranteeing safety in the presence of disturbances and input constraints for high relative degree…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-01-21 Luzia Knoedler , Oswin So , Ji Yin , Mitchell Black , Zachary Serlin , Panagiotis Tsiotras , Javier Alonso-Mora , Chuchu Fan

This paper considers the perception safety problem in distributed vision-based leader-follower formations, where each robot uses onboard perception to estimate relative states, track desired setpoints, and keep the leader within its camera…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Richie R. Suganda , Bin Hu

Many real-world applications require machine-learning models to be able to deal with non-stationary data distributions and thus learn autonomously over an extended period of time, often in an online setting. One of the main challenges in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Giuseppe Serra , Ben Werner , Florian Buettner

Recent advances in uncertainty quantification for time series forecasting show that conformal prediction can provide reliable prediction intervals, yet standard conformal methods are often inefficient under temporal dependence, drift, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Manuel Heurich , Maximilian Granz , Tim Landgraf

Flow-based generative models, such as diffusion models and flow matching models, have achieved remarkable success in learning complex data distributions. However, a critical gap remains for their deployment in safety-critical domains: the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Darshan Gadginmath , Ahmed Allibhoy , Fabio Pasqualetti

Modern nonlinear control theory seeks to endow systems with properties of stability and safety, and have been deployed successfully in multiple domains. Despite this success, model uncertainty remains a significant challenge in synthesizing…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-12-24 Andrew Taylor , Andrew Singletary , Yisong Yue , Aaron Ames

Continuous-time reinforcement learning (CTRL) provides a principled framework for sequential decision-making in environments where interactions evolve continuously over time. Despite its empirical success, the theoretical understanding of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Runze Zhao , Yue Yu , Adams Yiyue Zhu , Chen Yang , Dongruo Zhou

We present Distribution-aware Conformal Prediction (DCP), a unified framework integrating probabilistic predictors like Monte Carlo dropout, deep ensembles, and quantile regression with score-agnostic conformal calibration to produce valid…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Daniel Schweizer , Peter Kuhn , Jayant Sharma , Shivali Dubey , Malte von Ramin , Christoph Brockt-Haßauer

Conditionally automated driving requires drivers to resume vehicle control promptly when automation reaches its operational limits. Ensuring smooth vehicle control transitions is critical for the safety and efficiency of mixed-traffic…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Kexin Liang , Simeon C. Calvert , J. W. C. van Lint

Adaptive monitoring of a large population of dynamic processes is critical for the timely detection of abnormal events under limited resources in many healthcare and engineering systems. Examples include the risk-based disease screening and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Tanapol Kosolwattana , Huazheng Wang , Ying Lin

This letter introduces attack-resilient Control Lyapunov Functions (AR-CLFs) and attack-resilient Control Barrier Functions (AR-CBFs) for nonlinear control-affine systems subject to control-input false data injection attacks (FDIA)…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-20 Mohamadamin Rajabinezhad , Shan Zuo

This article presents a closed-form adaptive controlbarrier-function (CBF) approach for satisfying state constraints in systems with parametric uncertainty. This approach uses a sampled-data recursive-least-squares algorithm to estimate the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-21 Ricardo Gutierrez , Jesse B. Hoagg