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Large Language Models based on transformer algorithms have revolutionized Artificial Intelligence by enabling verbal interaction with machines akin to human conversation. These AI agents have surpassed the Turing Test, achieving confusion…

Agentic AI systems powered by large language models (LLMs) and endowed with planning, tool use, memory, and autonomy, are emerging as powerful, flexible platforms for automation. Their ability to autonomously execute tasks across web,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Anshuman Chhabra , Shrestha Datta , Shahriar Kabir Nahin , Prasant Mohapatra

Large Language Models are versatile, general-purpose tools with a wide range of applications. Recently, the advent of "reasoning models" has led to substantial improvements in their abilities in advanced problem-solving domains such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Nicholas T. Runcie , Charlotte M. Deane , Fergus Imrie

Large Language Models (LLMs) and generative AI (GenAI) systems, such as ChatGPT, Claude, Gemini, LLaMA, and Copilot (by OpenAI, Anthropic, Google, Meta, and Microsoft, respectively), are reshaping digital platforms and app ecosystems while…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Kiarash Ahi

Generative artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly populating medical records with synthetic content, creating a feedback loop where future models are increasingly at risk of training on uncurated AI-generated data. However, the clinical…

Decades of research in artificial intelligence (AI) have produced formidable technologies that are providing immense benefit to industry, government, and society. AI systems can now translate across multiple languages, identify objects in…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2019-08-08 Yolanda Gil , Bart Selman

Agentic AI systems -- Large Language Models (LLMs) augmented with planning, tool use, memory, and long-horizon interactions -- can execute complex tasks autonomously, but their multi-step trajectories introduce new failure modes that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Jinhu Qi , Muzhi Li , Jiahong Liu , Yuqin Shu , Dianzhi Yu , Shicheng Ma , Wenqian Cui , Yiyang Zhao , Yiyi Chen , Ruoxi Jiang , Irwin King , Zenglin Xu

Large language models (LLMs) are currently at the forefront of intertwining AI systems with human communication and everyday life. Therefore, it is of great importance to evaluate their emerging abilities. In this study, we show that LLMs,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Thilo Hagendorff , Sarah Fabi

In recent years, the study of artificial intelligence (AI) has undergone a paradigm shift. This has been propelled by the groundbreaking capabilities of generative models both in supervised and unsupervised learning scenarios. Generative AI…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Sandeep Singh Sengar , Affan Bin Hasan , Sanjay Kumar , Fiona Carroll

The rapid proliferation and deployment of General-Purpose AI (GPAI) models, including large language models (LLMs), present unprecedented challenges for AI supervisory entities. We hypothesize that these entities will need to navigate an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Manuel Cebrian , Emilia Gomez , David Fernandez Llorca

The field of artificial intelligence has undergone a revolution from foundational Transformer architectures to reasoning-capable systems approaching human-level performance. We present LLMOrbit, a comprehensive circular taxonomy navigating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Badri N. Patro , Vijay S. Agneeswaran

In recent years, AI red teaming has emerged as a practice for probing the safety and security of generative AI systems. Due to the nascency of the field, there are many open questions about how red teaming operations should be conducted.…

Generative artificial intelligence (Gen AI) systems represent a critical technology with far-reaching implications across multiple domains of society. However, their deployment entails a range of risks and challenges that require careful…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Jorge Machado

Machine learning practitioners often fine-tune generative pre-trained models like GPT-3 to improve model performance at specific tasks. Previous works, however, suggest that fine-tuned machine learning models memorize and emit sensitive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Albert Yu Sun , Eliott Zemour , Arushi Saxena , Udith Vaidyanathan , Eric Lin , Christian Lau , Vaikkunth Mugunthan

Artificial intelligence (AI) tools based on large language models have acheived human-level performance on some computer programming tasks. We report several experiments using GPT-4 to generate computer code. These experiments demonstrate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-04-27 Russell A Poldrack , Thomas Lu , Gašper Beguš

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been rapidly advancing and has demonstrated its ability to perform a wide range of cognitive tasks, including language processing, visual recognition, and decision-making. Part of this progress is due to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Hernan Ceferino Vazquez

Recent progress in autonomous code generation has fueled excitement around AI agents capable of accelerating scientific discovery by running experiments. However, there is currently no benchmark that evaluates whether such agents can…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Gyeongwon James Kim , Alex Wilf , Louis-Philippe Morency , Daniel Fried

As AI models scale to billions of parameters and operate with increasing autonomy, ensuring their safe, reliable operation demands engineering-grade security and assurance frameworks. This paper presents an enterprise-level, risk-aware,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Krti Tallam

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit expert-level performance in tasks across a wide range of different domains. Ethical issues raised by LLMs and the need to align future versions makes it important to know how state of the art models…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Guilherme F. C. F. Almeida , José Luiz Nunes , Neele Engelmann , Alex Wiegmann , Marcelo de Araújo

Artificial intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) have moved from research and pilot projects into everyday business operations, with generative AI accelerating adoption across processes, products, and services. This paper introduces…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Stephan Sandfuchs , Diako Farooghi , Janis Mohr , Sarah Grewe , Markus Lemmen , Jörg Frochte