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Large language models (LLMs) are demonstrating increasing prowess in cybersecurity applications, creating creating inherent risks alongside their potential for strengthening defenses. In this position paper, we argue that current efforts to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Kamilė Lukošiūtė , Adam Swanda

As multimodal large language models (MLLMs) advance, MLLM-based virtual agents have demonstrated remarkable performance. However, existing benchmarks face significant limitations, including uncontrollable task complexity, extensive manual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Wendong Bu , Yang Wu , Qifan Yu , Minghe Gao , Bingchen Miao , Zhenkui Zhang , Kaihang Pan , Yunfei Li , Mengze Li , Wei Ji , Juncheng Li , Siliang Tang , Yueting Zhuang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have training corpora containing large amounts of program code, greatly improving the model's code comprehension and generation capabilities. However, sound comprehensive research on detecting program…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Yu Liu , Lang Gao , Mingxin Yang , Yu Xie , Ping Chen , Xiaojin Zhang , Wei Chen

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as autonomous agents in offensive cybersecurity. In this paper, we reveal an interesting phenomenon: different agents exhibit distinct attack patterns. Specifically, each agent exhibits…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Taein Lim , Seongyong Ju , Munhyeok Kim , Hyunjun Kim , Hoki Kim

Large language model (LLM) agents are increasingly deployed to automate productivity tasks (e.g., email, scheduling, document management), but evaluating them on live services is risky due to potentially irreversible changes. Existing…

Although LLM-based agents have attracted significant attention in domains such as software engineering and machine learning research, their role in advancing combinatorial optimization (CO) remains relatively underexplored. This gap…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Weiwei Sun , Shengyu Feng , Shanda Li , Yiming Yang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promise in tasks like code translation, prompting interest in their potential for automating software vulnerability detection (SVD) and patching (SVP). To further research in this area, establishing a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Arastoo Zibaeirad , Marco Vieira

We introduce MLRC-Bench, a benchmark designed to quantify how effectively language agents can tackle challenging Machine Learning (ML) Research Competitions, with a focus on open research problems that demand novel methodologies. Unlike…

Recent advances in frontier large language models have enabled code review agents that operate in open-ended, reasoning-intensive settings. However, the lack of standardized benchmarks and granular evaluation protocols makes it difficult to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Kristen Pereira , Neelabh Sinha , Rajat Ghosh , Debojyoti Dutta

The pursuit of leaderboard rankings in Large Language Models (LLMs) has created a fundamental paradox: models excel at standardized tests while failing to demonstrate genuine language understanding and adaptability. Our systematic analysis…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Sourav Banerjee , Ayushi Agarwal , Eishkaran Singh

Evaluating Large Language Models (LLMs) with respect to real-world code complexity is essential. Otherwise, there is a risk of overestimating LLMs' programming abilities based on simplistic benchmarks, only to be disappointed when using…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Yang Chen , Shuyang Liu , Reyhaneh Jabbarvand

Markets are a promising way to coordinate AI agent activity for similar reasons to those used to justify markets more broadly. In order to effectively participate in markets, agents need to have informative signals of their own ability to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Andrey Fradkin , Rohit Krishnan

AI agents may soon become capable of autonomously completing valuable, long-horizon tasks in diverse domains. Current benchmarks either do not measure real-world tasks, or are not sufficiently difficult to meaningfully measure frontier…

Recent advances have showcased the extraordinary capabilities of Large Language Model (LLM) agents in tackling web-based information-seeking tasks. However, existing efforts mainly focus on single-fact retrieval and rely on outcome-only…

We introduce the Cyber Defense Benchmark, a benchmark for measuring how well large language model (LLM) agents perform the core SOC analyst task of threat hunting: given a database of raw Windows event logs with no guided questions or…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Alankrit Chona , Igor Kozlov , Ambuj Kumar

As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as agents, their integration into interactive environments and tool use introduce new safety challenges beyond those associated with the models themselves. However, the absence of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Zhexin Zhang , Shiyao Cui , Yida Lu , Jingzhuo Zhou , Junxiao Yang , Hongning Wang , Minlie Huang

Benchmarks are essential for quantitatively tracking progress in AI. As AI agents become increasingly capable, researchers and practitioners have introduced agentic benchmarks to evaluate agents on complex, real-world tasks. These…

LLM-based web agents have become increasingly popular for their utility in daily life and work. However, they exhibit critical vulnerabilities when processing malicious URLs: accepting a disguised malicious URL enables subsequent access to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Dezhang Kong , Zhuxi Wu , Shiqi Liu , Zhicheng Tan , Kuichen Lu , Minghao Li , Qichen Liu , Shengyu Chu , Zhenhua Xu , Xuan Liu , Meng Han

Agents based on large language models leverage tools to modify environments, revolutionizing how AI interacts with the physical world. Unlike traditional NLP tasks that rely solely on historical dialogue for responses, these agents must…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Peijie Yu , Yifan Yang , Jinjian Li , Zelong Zhang , Haorui Wang , Xiao Feng , Feng Zhang

Over the past year, there has been a notable rise in the use of large language models (LLMs) for academic research and industrial practices within the cybersecurity field. However, it remains a lack of comprehensive and publicly accessible…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-20 Zhengmin Yu , Jiutian Zeng , Siyi Chen , Wenhan Xu , Dandan Xu , Xiangyu Liu , Zonghao Ying , Nan Wang , Yuan Zhang , Min Yang