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Large language models (LLMs) have exhibited remarkable reasoning and planning capabilities. Most prior work in this area has used LLMs to reason through steps from an initial to a goal state or criterion, thereby effectively reasoning in a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Allen Z. Ren , Brian Ichter , Anirudha Majumdar

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in general scenarios, exhibiting a level of aptitude that approaches, in some aspects even surpasses, human-level intelligence. Among their numerous skills, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-30 Zhiwei He , Tian Liang , Wenxiang Jiao , Zhuosheng Zhang , Yujiu Yang , Rui Wang , Zhaopeng Tu , Shuming Shi , Xing Wang

Large language models (LLMs) showcase many desirable traits for intelligent and helpful robots. However, they are also known to hallucinate predictions. This issue is exacerbated in robotics where LLM hallucinations may result in robots…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-18 James F. Mullen , Dinesh Manocha

Recent advances in metric, semantic, and topological mapping have equipped autonomous robots with semantic concept grounding capabilities to interpret natural language tasks. This work aims to leverage these new capabilities with an…

Dual-arm robots play a crucial role in improving efficiency and flexibility in complex multitasking scenarios. While existing methods have achieved promising results in task planning, they often fail to fully optimize task parallelism,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Shiying Duan , Pei Ren , Nanxiang Jiang , Zhengping Che , Jian Tang , Zhaoxin Fan , Yifan Sun , Wenjun Wu

This paper introduces a novel approach to integrating large language model (LLM) agents into automated production systems, aimed at enhancing task automation and flexibility. We organize production operations within a hierarchical framework…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Yuchen Xia , Jize Zhang , Nasser Jazdi , Michael Weyrich

Utilizing large language models (LLMs) for tool planning has emerged as a promising avenue for developing general AI systems, where LLMs automatically schedule external tools (e.g., vision models) to tackle complex tasks based on task…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Duo Wu , Jinghe Wang , Yuan Meng , Yanning Zhang , Le Sun , Zhi Wang

Robotic manipulation requires sophisticated commonsense reasoning, a capability naturally possessed by large-scale Vision-Language Models (VLMs). While VLMs show promise as zero-shot planners, their lack of grounded physical understanding…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Emily Yue-Ting Jia , Weiduo Yuan , Tianheng Shi , Vitor Guizilini , Jiageng Mao , Yue Wang

With the emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) and Vision Foundation Models (VFMs), multimodal AI systems benefiting from large models have the potential to equally perceive the real world, make decisions, and control tools as humans.…

Task planning can require defining myriad domain knowledge about the world in which a robot needs to act. To ameliorate that effort, large language models (LLMs) can be used to score potential next actions during task planning, and even…

Leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) to write policy code for controlling robots has gained significant attention. However, in long-horizon implicative tasks, this approach often results in API parameter, comments and sequencing errors,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Zixi Jia , Hongbin Gao , Fashe Li , Jiqiang Liu , Hexiao Li , Qinghua Liu

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable reasoning capabilities, especially when prompted to generate intermediate reasoning steps (e.g., Chain-of-Thought, CoT). However, LLMs can still struggle with problems that are easy for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Shibo Hao , Yi Gu , Haodi Ma , Joshua Jiahua Hong , Zhen Wang , Daisy Zhe Wang , Zhiting Hu

The ability to wield tools was once considered exclusive to human intelligence, but it's now known that many other animals, like crows, possess this capability. Yet, robotic systems still fall short of matching biological dexterity. In this…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Hoi-Yin Lee , Peng Zhou , Anqing Duan , Wanyu Ma , Chenguang Yang , David Navarro-Alarcon

This study focuses on using large language models (LLMs) as a planner for embodied agents that can follow natural language instructions to complete complex tasks in a visually-perceived environment. The high data cost and poor sample…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-08 Chan Hee Song , Jiaman Wu , Clayton Washington , Brian M. Sadler , Wei-Lun Chao , Yu Su

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional abilities in reasoning for task planning. However, challenges remain under-explored for parallel schedules. This paper introduces a novel paradigm, plan-over-graph, in which the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Shiqi Zhang , Xinbei Ma , Zouying Cao , Zhuosheng Zhang , Hai Zhao

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown impressive reasoning abilities and general intelligence in various domains. It inspires researchers to train end-to-end MLLMs or utilize large models to generate policies with…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Qi Lv , Hao Li , Xiang Deng , Rui Shao , Michael Yu Wang , Liqiang Nie

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in various natural language tasks but often struggle with long-horizon planning problems requiring structured reasoning. This limitation has drawn interest in integrating neuro-symbolic approaches within…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Marcus Tantakoun , Xiaodan Zhu , Christian Muise

Recent studies have highlighted their proficiency in some simple tasks like writing and coding through various reasoning strategies. However, LLM agents still struggle with tasks that require comprehensive planning, a process that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Chengxing Xie , Difan Zou

Real-time multi-robot coordination in hazardous and adversarial environments requires fast, reliable adaptation to dynamic threats. While Large Language Models (LLMs) offer strong high-level reasoning capabilities, the lack of safety…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Yuwei Wu , Yuezhan Tao , Peihan Li , Guangyao Shi , Gaurav S. Sukhatme , Vijay Kumar , Lifeng Zhou

Complex manipulation tasks often require robots with complementary capabilities to collaborate. We introduce a benchmark for LanguagE-Conditioned Multi-robot MAnipulation (LEMMA) focused on task allocation and long-horizon object…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Ran Gong , Xiaofeng Gao , Qiaozi Gao , Suhaila Shakiah , Govind Thattai , Gaurav S. Sukhatme