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Proteins perform much of the work in living organisms, and consequently the development of efficient computational methods for protein representation is essential for advancing large-scale biological research. Most current approaches…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2023-06-09 Francesco Ceccarelli , Lorenzo Giusti , Sean B. Holden , Pietro Liò

Diffusion generative models have emerged as a powerful framework for addressing problems in structural biology and structure-based drug design. These models operate directly on 3D molecular structures. Due to the unfavorable scaling of…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-05-10 Ian Dunn , David Ryan Koes

Predicting the binding sites of target proteins plays a fundamental role in drug discovery. Most existing deep-learning methods consider a protein as a 3D image by spatially clustering its atoms into voxels and then feed the voxelized…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-07-24 Yang Zhang , Zhewei Wei , Ye Yuan , Chongxuan Li , Wenbing Huang

Recent years have seen vast progress in the development of machine learned force fields (MLFFs) based on ab-initio reference calculations. Despite achieving low test errors, the reliability of MLFFs in molecular dynamics (MD) simulations is…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2024-02-19 J. Thorben Frank , Oliver T. Unke , Klaus-Robert Müller , Stefan Chmiela

Proteins are complex biomolecules that perform a variety of crucial functions within living organisms. Designing and generating novel proteins can pave the way for many future synthetic biology applications, including drug discovery.…

We introduce Equivariant Neural Field Expectation Maximization (EFEM), a simple, effective, and robust geometric algorithm that can segment objects in 3D scenes without annotations or training on scenes. We achieve such unsupervised…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Jiahui Lei , Congyue Deng , Karl Schmeckpeper , Leonidas Guibas , Kostas Daniilidis

AI-based in silico methods have improved protein structure prediction but often struggle with large protein complexes (PCs) involving multiple interacting proteins due to missing 3D spatial cues. Experimental techniques like Cryo-EM are…

Representation learning has become increasingly important, especially as powerful models have shifted towards learning latent representations before fine-tuning for downstream tasks. This approach is particularly valuable in leveraging the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Shizhe He , Magdalini Paschali , Jiahong Ouyang , Adnan Masood , Akshay Chaudhari , Ehsan Adeli

Accurate prediction of small molecule solubility using material-sparing approaches is critical for accelerating synthesis and process optimization, yet experimental measurement is costly and many learning approaches either depend on…

Machine learning has enabled the prediction of quantum chemical properties with high accuracy and efficiency, allowing to bypass computationally costly ab initio calculations. Instead of training on a fixed set of properties, more recent…

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs), particularly Spiking Transformers, offer energy-efficient processing of event-based sensor data for healthcare applications. Yet current architectures are rigid: they are trained and deployed as static…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Alberto Ancilotto , Gianluca Amprimo , Stefano Di Carlo , Elisabetta Farella

Large kernel convolutions offer a scalable alternative to vision transformers for high-resolution 3D volumetric analysis, yet naively increasing kernel size often leads to optimization instability. Motivated by the spatial bias inherent in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Ho Hin Lee , Quan Liu , Shunxing Bao , Yuankai Huo , Bennett A. Landman

Learning compact and interpretable representations of data is a critical challenge in scientific image analysis. Here, we introduce Affinity-VAE, a generative model that enables us to impose our scientific intuition about the similarity of…

Current state-of-the-art generative models map noise to data distributions by matching flows or scores. A key limitation of these models is their inability to readily integrate available partial observations and additional priors. In…

Despite the importance of a thermodynamically stable structure with a conserved fold for protein function, almost all evolutionary models neglect site-site correlations that arise from physical interactions between neighboring amino acid…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2013-12-04 Andrew J. Bordner , Hans D. Mittelmann

While protein language models (PLMs) are one of the most promising avenues of research for future de novo protein design, the way in which they transform sequences to hidden representations, as well as the information encoded in such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Kosio Beshkov , Anders Malthe-Sørenssen

Electroencephalography (EEG) foundation models (EFMs) have shown strong potential for transferable representation learning, yet their adaptation in realistic settings remains challenging when only a few labeled subjects are available. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Jingying Ma , Feng Wu , Yucheng Xing , Qika Lin , Tianyu Liu , Chenyu Liu , Ziyu Jia , Mengling Feng

SO(3) equivariant graph neural networks have become the dominant paradigm for atomistic foundation models, achieving high accuracy and data efficiency by building rotational symmetry directly into the architecture. Yet the computational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Chen Wang , Siyu Hu , Guangming Tan , Weile Jia

A reliable prediction of 3D protein structures from sequence data remains a big challenge due to both theoretical and computational difficulties. We have previously shown that our kinetostatic compliance method (KCM) implemented into the…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2017-12-27 Pouya Tavousi , Morad Behandish , Horea T. Ilies , Kazem Kazerounian

Understanding the relationships between protein sequence, structure and function is a long-standing biological challenge with manifold implications from drug design to our understanding of evolution. Recently, protein language models have…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2024-01-29 Dexiong Chen , Philip Hartout , Paolo Pellizzoni , Carlos Oliver , Karsten Borgwardt