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Recent successful applications of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to audio classification and speech recognition have motivated the search for better input representations for more efficient training. Visual displays of an audio…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-06-23 M. Huzaifah

The short-time Fourier transform (STFT) provides the foundation of binary-mask based audio source separation approaches. In computing a spectrogram, the STFT window size parameterizes the trade-off between time and frequency resolution.…

Sound · Computer Science 2015-04-29 Andrew J. R. Simpson

The data analysis of space-based gravitational wave detectors like Taiji faces significant challenges from non-stationary noise, which compromises the efficacy of traditional frequency-domain analysis. This work proposes a unified framework…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-06-23 Minghui Du , Ziren Luo , Peng Xu

This paper addresses the problem of under-determinded speech source separation from multichannel microphone singals, i.e. the convolutive mixtures of multiple sources. The time-domain signals are first transformed to the short-time Fourier…

Sound · Computer Science 2019-04-11 Xiaofei Li , Laurent Girin , Radu Horaud

In this paper, we address the problem of multichannel speech enhancement in the short-time Fourier transform (STFT) domain. A long short-time memory (LSTM) network takes as input a sequence of STFT coefficients associated with a frequency…

Sound · Computer Science 2020-09-24 Xiaofei LI , Radu Horaud

The SepFormer architecture shows very good results in speech separation. Like other learned-encoder models, it uses short frames, as they have been shown to obtain better performance in these cases. This results in a large number of frames…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-06 Danilo de Oliveira , Tal Peer , Timo Gerkmann

Most speech enhancement algorithms make use of the short-time Fourier transform (STFT), which is a simple and flexible time-frequency decomposition that estimates the short-time spectrum of a signal. However, the duration of short STFT…

Sound · Computer Science 2015-09-03 Scott Wisdom , Thomas Powers , Les Atlas , James Pitton

In many mechanical, electrical, and general physical systems evolving over time or space, spectral analysis methods as Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Short Term Fourier Transform (STFT), Power Spectrum Density (PSD) plays a very important…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-21 Andreas Tuor , Nico Canzani , Tobias Rüggeberg , Stefan Gorenflo , Gerd Simons , Bruno Bättig , Daniel Iseli

In audio processing applications, phase retrieval (PR) is often performed from the magnitude of short-time Fourier transform (STFT) coefficients. Although PR performance has been observed to depend on the considered STFT parameters and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-10 Andrés Marafioti , Nicki Holighaus , Piotr Majdak

With the emergence of GAN-based vocoders, the discriminator, as a crucial component, has been developed recently. In our work, we focus on improving the time-frequency based discriminator. Particularly, Short-Time Fourier Transform (STFT)…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-04 Nan Xu , Zhaolong Huang , Xiao Zeng

Short-time Fourier transform (STFT) is used as the front end of many popular successful monaural speech separation methods, such as deep clustering (DPCL), permutation invariant training (PIT) and their various variants. Since the frequency…

Sound · Computer Science 2019-02-05 Ziqiang Shi , Huibin Lin , Liu Liu , Rujie Liu , Jiqing Han

Spectral interference, the frequency counterpart of the beating phenomenon in the time domain, can severely distort time-frequency representations (TFRs) in physical applications. We study this phenomenon for the short-time Fourier…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2026-01-19 Shrikant Chand , James Nolen , Hau-Tieng Wu

High-resolution time-frequency (TF) analysis plays crucial role in characterizing multicomponent signal (MCSs) and estimating oscillatory properties. Linear time-frequency representations (TFRs) such as classical short-time Fourier…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-12 Rayyan Abdalla

Historically, most speech models in machine-learning have used the mel-spectrogram as a speech representation. Recently, discrete audio tokens produced by neural audio codecs have become a popular alternate speech representation for speech…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-05 Ryan Langman , Ante Jukić , Kunal Dhawan , Nithin Rao Koluguri , Jason Li

Deep learning-based techniques for automatic dysarthric speech detection have recently attracted interest in the research community. State-of-the-art techniques typically learn neurotypical and dysarthric discriminative representations by…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-04 Ina Kodrasi

This article introduces a new parametric synthesis method for sound textures based on existing works in visual and sound texture synthesis. Starting from a base sound signal, an optimization process is performed until the cross-correlations…

Sound · Computer Science 2019-10-22 Hugo Caracalla , Axel Roebel

Deep learning based speech enhancement in the short-time Fourier transform (STFT) domain typically uses a large window length such as 32 ms. A larger window can lead to higher frequency resolution and potentially better enhancement. This…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-12-07 Zhong-Qiu Wang , Gordon Wichern , Shinji Watanabe , Jonathan Le Roux

The short-time Fourier transform (STFT) is a time-frequency representation widely used in applications, for example in audio signal processing. Recently it has been shown that not only the amplitude, but also the phase of this…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2015-11-20 Peter Balazs , Dominik Bayer , Florent Jaillet , Peter Søndergaard

Convolutional neural networks (CNN) are widely used for speech emotion recognition (SER). In such cases, the short time fourier transform (STFT) spectrogram is the most popular choice for representing speech, which is fed as input to the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-08-09 Shruti Gupta , Md. Shah Fahad , Akshay Deepak

Speech coding facilitates the transmission of speech over low-bandwidth networks with minimal distortion. Neural-network based speech codecs have recently demonstrated significant improvements in quality over traditional approaches. While…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-07-07 Ali Siahkoohi , Michael Chinen , Tom Denton , W. Bastiaan Kleijn , Jan Skoglund