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Ensuring large language model (LLM) reliability requires distinguishing objective unsolvability (inherent contradictions) from subjective capability limitations (tasks exceeding model competence). Current LLMs often conflate these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Dengyun Peng , Qiguang Chen , Bofei Liu , Jiannan Guan , Libo Qin , Zheng Yan , Jinhao Liu , Jianshu Zhang , Wanxiang Che

The increasing advancements in the field of machine learning have led to the development of numerous applications that effectively address a wide range of problems with accurate predictions. However, in certain cases, accuracy alone may not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Antônio Carlos Souza Ferreira Júnior , Thiago Alves Rocha

Symbolic and logic computation systems ranging from computer algebra systems to theorem provers are finding their way into science, technology, mathematics and engineering. But such systems rely on explicitly or implicitly represented…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2011-05-04 Florian Rabe , Michael Kohlhase

Linear temporal logic (LTL) is a specification language for finite sequences (called traces) widely used in program verification, motion planning in robotics, process mining, and many other areas. We consider the problem of learning LTL…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Ritam Raha , Rajarshi Roy , Nathanaël Fijalkow , Daniel Neider

Numerous tasks at the core of statistics, learning and vision areas are specific cases of ill-posed inverse problems. Recently, learning-based (e.g., deep) iterative methods have been empirically shown to be useful for these problems.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-08-17 Risheng Liu , Shichao Cheng , Yi He , Xin Fan , Zhouchen Lin , Zhongxuan Luo

Data driven models of dynamical systems help planners and controllers to provide more precise and accurate motions. Most model learning algorithms will try to minimize a loss function between the observed data and the model's predictions.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-02-12 Clark Zhang , Santiago Paternain , Alejandro Ribeiro

Substructural type systems, such as affine (and linear) type systems, are type systems which impose restrictions on copying (and discarding) of variables, and they have found many applications in computer science, including quantum…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-01-27 Vladimir Zamdzhiev

Reinforcement learning has witnessed significant advancements, particularly with the emergence of model-based approaches. Among these, $Q$-learning has proven to be a powerful algorithm in model-free settings. However, the extension of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Han-Dong Lim , HyeAnn Lee , Donghwan Lee

Large language models (LLMs) achieve impressive results over various tasks, and ever-expanding public repositories contain an abundance of pre-trained models. Therefore, identifying the best-performing LLM for a given task is a significant…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Idan Kashani , Avi Mendelson , Yaniv Nemcovsky

A task of interest in machine learning (ML) is that of ascribing explanations to the predictions made by ML models. Furthermore, in domains deemed high risk, the rigor of explanations is paramount. Indeed, incorrect explanations can and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Mohamed Siala , Jordi Planes , Joao Marques-Silva

Foundation models (FMs), including large language models, have become increasingly popular due to their wide-ranging applicability and ability to understand human-like semantics. While previous research has explored the use of FMs in…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-28 Peiwen Jiang , Chao-Kai Wen , Xinping Yi , Xiao Li , Shi Jin , Jun Zhang

State Space Models (SSMs) have become the leading alternative to Transformers for sequence modeling. Their primary advantage is efficiency in long-context and long-form generation, enabled by fixed-size memory and linear scaling of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Eran Malach , Omid Saremi , Sinead Williamson , Arwen Bradley , Aryo Lotfi , Emmanuel Abbe , Josh Susskind , Etai Littwin

Linear matrix Inequalities (LMIs) have had a major impact on control but formulating a problem as an LMI is an art. Recently there is the beginnings of a theory of which problems are in fact expressible as LMIs. For optimization purposes it…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2008-02-14 J. William Helton , Jiawang Nie

We define the concept of a monotonic theory and show how to build efficient SMT (SAT Modulo Theory) solvers, including effective theory propagation and clause learning, for such theories. We present examples showing that monotonic theories…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2014-06-03 Sam Bayless , Noah Bayless , Holger H. Hoos , Alan J. Hu

Most recent work on interpretability of complex machine learning models has focused on estimating $\textit{a posteriori}$ explanations for previously trained models around specific predictions. $\textit{Self-explaining}$ models where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-05 David Alvarez-Melis , Tommi S. Jaakkola

Finite linear least squares is one of the core problems of numerical linear algebra, with countless applications across science and engineering. Consequently, there is a rich and ongoing literature on algorithms for solving linear least…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-10-27 Paz Fink Shustin , Haim Avron

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly evaluated on reasoning tasks, yet their logical abilities remain contested. To address this, we study LLMs' reasoning in a well-defined fragment of logic: syllogistic reasoning. We cast the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Leonardo Bertolazzi , Manuel Vargas Guzmán , Raffaella Bernardi , Maciej Malicki , Jakub Szymanik

We investigate the computational complexity of the satisfiability problem of modal inclusion logic. We distinguish two variants of the problem: one for the strict and another one for the lax semantics. Both problems turn out to be…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-10-17 Lauri Hella , Antti Kuusisto , Arne Meier , Heribert Vollmer

Generating proofs of unsatisfiability is a valuable capability of most SAT solvers, and is an active area of research for SMT solvers. This paper introduces the first method to efficiently generate proofs of unsatisfiability specifically…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Nick Feng , Alan J. Hu , Sam Bayless , Syed M. Iqbal , Patrick Trentin , Mike Whalen , Lee Pike , John Backes

We introduce a linear infinitary $\lambda$-calculus, called $\ell\Lambda_{\infty}$, in which two exponential modalities are available, the first one being the usual, finitary one, the other being the only construct interpreted…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-04-29 Ugo Dal Lago
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