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Despite recent advances in Vision-Language Models (VLMs), they may over-rely on visual language priors existing in their training data rather than true visual reasoning. To investigate this, we introduce ViLP, a benchmark featuring…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Tiange Luo , Ang Cao , Gunhee Lee , Justin Johnson , Honglak Lee

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models enable embodied decision-making but rely heavily on imitation learning, leading to compounding errors and poor robustness under distribution shift. Reinforcement learning (RL) can mitigate these issues…

A key challenge in training Vision-Language Model (VLM) agents, compared to Language Model (LLM) agents, lies in the shift from textual states to complex visual observations. This transition introduces partial observability and demands…

Online reinforcement learning in complex tasks is time-consuming, as massive interaction steps are needed to learn the optimal Q-function.Vision-language action (VLA) policies represent a promising direction for solving diverse tasks;…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Xiefeng Wu , Jing Zhao , Shu Zhang , Mingyu Hu

Large language models (LLMs) and vision-language models (VLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across a wide range of tasks and domains. Despite this promise, spatial understanding and reasoning -- a fundamental component of human…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Jiayu Wang , Yifei Ming , Zhenmei Shi , Vibhav Vineet , Xin Wang , Yixuan Li , Neel Joshi

Reward engineering has long been a challenge in Reinforcement Learning (RL) research, as it often requires extensive human effort and iterative processes of trial-and-error to design effective reward functions. In this paper, we propose…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Yufei Wang , Zhanyi Sun , Jesse Zhang , Zhou Xian , Erdem Biyik , David Held , Zackory Erickson

Accurately estimating task progress is critical for embodied agents to plan and execute long-horizon, multi-step tasks. Despite promising advances, existing Vision-Language Models (VLMs) based methods primarily leverage their video…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Yuelin Zhang , Sijie Cheng , Chen Li , Zongzhao Li , Yuxin Huang , Yang Liu , Wenbing Huang

Despite the impressive performance of autoregressive Language Models (LM) it has been shown that due to reporting bias, LMs lack visual knowledge, i.e. they do not know much about the visual world and its properties. To augment LMs with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Paula Ontalvilla , Aitor Ormazabal , Gorka Azkune

Despite their success, current training pipelines for reasoning VLMs focus on a limited range of tasks, such as mathematical and logical reasoning. As a result, these models face difficulties in generalizing their reasoning capabilities to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Yuheng Zha , Kun Zhou , Yujia Wu , Yushu Wang , Jie Feng , Zhi Xu , Shibo Hao , Zhengzhong Liu , Eric P. Xing , Zhiting Hu

Driven by the wave of large language models, Video-Language Models (VLMs) have become a significant yet challenging technology to bridge the gap between videos and texts. Although previous VLM works have made significant progress, almost…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Xiang Fang , Wanlong Fang , Changshuo Wang , Xiaoye Qu , Daizong Liu

Vision language models (VLMs) are designed to extract relevant visuospatial information from images. Some research suggests that VLMs can exhibit humanlike scene understanding, while other investigations reveal difficulties in their ability…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Sangeet Khemlani , Tyler Tran , Nathaniel Gyory , Anthony M. Harrison , Wallace E. Lawson , Ravenna Thielstrom , Hunter Thompson , Taaren Singh , J. Gregory Trafton

Recent advancements in autonomous driving (AD) have explored the use of vision-language models (VLMs) within visual question answering (VQA) frameworks for direct driving decision-making. However, these approaches often depend on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Xin Hu , Taotao Jing , Renran Tian , Zhengming Ding

The analysis of vision-based deep neural networks (DNNs) is highly desirable but it is very challenging due to the difficulty of expressing formal specifications for vision tasks and the lack of efficient verification procedures. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-12 Ravi Mangal , Nina Narodytska , Divya Gopinath , Boyue Caroline Hu , Anirban Roy , Susmit Jha , Corina Pasareanu

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) that integrate visual and textual reasoning leverage chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting to tackle complex visual tasks, yet continue to exhibit visual hallucinations and an over-reliance on textual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Jing Bi , Guangyu Sun , Ali Vosoughi , Chen Chen , Chenliang Xu

Recent advances in legged locomotion learning are still dominated by the utilization of geometric representations of the environment, limiting the robot's capability to respond to higher-level semantics such as human instructions. To…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-12 I Made Aswin Nahrendra , Seunghyun Lee , Dongkyu Lee , Hyun Myung

Vision-language models (VLMs) have tremendous potential for grounding language, and thus enabling language-conditioned agents (LCAs) to perform diverse tasks specified with text. This has motivated the study of LCAs based on reinforcement…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Theo Cachet , Christopher R. Dance , Olivier Sigaud

Recent breakthroughs in reasoning language models have significantly advanced text-based reasoning. On the other hand, Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) still lag behind, hindered by their outdated internal LLMs. Upgrading these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Yunhao Gou , Kai Chen , Zhili Liu , Lanqing Hong , Xin Jin , Zhenguo Li , James T. Kwok , Yu Zhang

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have shown strong potential for general-purpose robotic manipulation, but their reliance on expert demonstrations limits their ability to learn from failures and perform self-corrections. Reinforcement…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Fangqi Zhu , Zhengyang Yan , Zicong Hong , Quanxin Shou , Xiao Ma , Song Guo

Vision-language models (VLMs) have made substantial progress across a wide range of visual question answering benchmarks, spanning visual reasoning, document understanding, and multimodal dialogue. These improvements are evident in a wide…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Dhruba Ghosh , Yuhui Zhang , Ludwig Schmidt

Vision-Language Models have excelled at textual reasoning, but they often struggle with fine-grained spatial understanding and continuous action planning, failing to simulate the dynamics required for complex visual reasoning. In this work,…

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