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In runtime verification, monitoring consists of analyzing the current execution of a system and determining, on the basis of the observed finite trace, whether all its possible continuations satisfy or violate a given specification. This is…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Andrea Brunello , Luca Geatti , Angelo Montanari , Nicola Saccomanno

Hyperproperties extend trace properties to express properties of sets of traces, and they are increasingly popular in specifying various security and performance-related properties in domains such as cyber-physical systems, smart grids, and…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-08-11 Ernest Bonnah , Luan Viet Nguyen , Khaza Anuarul Hoque

Model checking approaches can be divided into two broad categories: global approaches that determine the set of all states in a model M that satisfy a temporal logic formula f, and local approaches in which, given a state s in M, the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2014-10-29 Diego Latella , Michele Loreti , Mieke Massink

The use of temporal logics has long been recognised as a fundamental approach to the formal specification and verification of reactive systems. In this paper, we take on the problem of automatically verifying a temporal property, given by a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-07-18 Tewodros A. Beyene , Corneliu Popeea , Andrey Rybalchenko

Petri nets are a modeling formalism capable of describing complex distributed systems and there exists a large number of both academic and industrial tools that enable automatic verification of model properties. Typical questions include…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Bruno Maria René Gonzalez , Peter Gjøl Jensen , Stefan Schmid , Jiří Srba , Martin Zimmermann

First-order linear temporal logic (FOLTL) is a flexible and expressive formalism capable of naturally describing complex behaviors and properties. Although the logic is in general highly undecidable, the idea of using it as a specification…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Luca Geatti , Alessandro Gianola , Nicola Gigante

The model checking problem for CTL is known to be P-complete (Clarke, Emerson, and Sistla (1986), see Schnoebelen (2002)). We consider fragments of CTL obtained by restricting the use of temporal modalities or the use of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-07-01 Olaf Beyersdorff , Arne Meier , Martin Mundhenk , Thomas Schneider , Michael Thomas , Heribert Vollmer

Unambiguous automata are nondeterministic automata in which every word has at most one accepting run. In this paper we give a polynomial-time algorithm for model checking discrete-time Markov chains against \omega-regular specifications…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-04-10 Christel Baier , Stefan Kiefer , Joachim Klein , David Müller , James Worrell

We present Kofola, an efficient tool for complementation and inclusion checking of B\"uchi automata, two central tasks in automata-theoretic verification with applications in model checking, monitoring, and theorem proving. Kofola…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Ondrej Alexaj , Vojtěch Havlena , Lukáš Holík , Ondřej Lengál , Yong Li , Nicolas Mazzocchi

Recent Language Models (LMs) have shown impressive capabilities in generating texts with the knowledge internalized in parameters. Yet, LMs often generate the factually incorrect responses to the given queries, since their knowledge may be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Jinheon Baek , Soyeong Jeong , Minki Kang , Jong C. Park , Sung Ju Hwang

We present a novel automata-based approach to address linear temporal logic modulo theory (LTL-MT) as a specification language for data words. LTL-MT extends LTL_f by replacing atomic propositions with quantifier-free multi-sorted…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-08-19 Marco Faella , Gennaro Parlato

We introduce a new translation from linear temporal logic (LTL) to deterministic Emerson-Lei automata, which are omega-automata with a Muller acceptance condition symbolically expressed as a Boolean formula. The richer acceptance condition…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2017-09-08 David Müller , Salomon Sickert

This paper presents the first model-checking algorithm for an expressive modal mu-calculus over timed automata, $L^{\mathit{rel}, \mathit{af}}_{\nu,\mu}$, and reports performance results for an implementation. This mu-calculus contains…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2014-08-29 Peter Fontana , Rance Cleaveland

We present a new decision procedure for the logic WS1S. It originates from the classical approach, which first builds an automaton accepting all models of a formula and then tests whether its language is empty. The main novelty is to test…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-01-25 Tomáš Fiedor , Lukáš Holík , Petr Janků , Ondřej Lengál , Tomáš Vojnar

The cost of LTL model checking is highly sensitive to the length of the formula under verification. We observe that, under some specific conditions, the input LTL formula can be reduced to an easier-to-handle one before model checking. In…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2013-01-16 Wanwei Liu , Rui Wang , Xianjin Fu , Ji Wang , Wei Dong , Xiaoguang Mao

We present in this paper a model-based testing approach aiming at generating test cases from a UML/OCL model and a given test property. The property is expressed using a dedicated formalism based on patterns, and automatically translated…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2014-03-31 Kalou Cabrera Castillos , Frédéric Dadeau , Jacques Julliand

Background: Manual testing is vital for detecting issues missed by automated tests, but specifying accurate verifications is challenging. Aims: This study aims to explore the use of Large Language Models (LLMs) to produce verifications for…

AutomationML (AML) enables standardized data exchange in engineering, yet existing recommendations for proper AML modeling are typically formulated as informal and textual constraints. These constraints cannot be validated automatically…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Tom Westermann , Aljosha Köcher , Felix Gehlhoff

Text simplification seeks to improve readability while retaining the original content and meaning. Our study investigates whether pre-trained classifiers also maintain such coherence by comparing their predictions on both original and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Miriam Anschütz , Edoardo Mosca , Georg Groh

Automatic techniques for program verification usually suffer the well-known state explosion problem. Most of the classical approaches are based on browsing the structure of some form of model (which represents the behavior of the program)…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2020-02-19 Marco Comini , Laura Titolo , Alicia Villanueva
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